Understanding the information and the

following the advise could saved most

of those lives and minimize injury and

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

property losses caused by fire.

STEPS TO BE OBSERVED:
1. Know yourenemy
2. Learns how fire happens
3. Learn how it kills
Understanding how fire burns will result
to better ways of extinguishing fires.
 PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION
F
C ire
hemistry of
OXYGEN
FUEL

HEAT
 FIRE
FUEL

HEAT
C
OXY
GEN hemistry of F ire

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

• Fire-is a chemical reaction
known as combustion . It
may be defined as
chemical process
accompanied by the
evolution of heat or a
material oxidizing rapidly
that produces a luminous
flame.
 FUEL

HEAT
C
OXY
GEN hemistry of F ire

ELEMENTS OF FIRE

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

• FUEL- Any material that produces
flame burns
• HEAT- heat is a form of energy,
measured in the degree of
temperature to signify the intensity of
heat.
• OXYGEN- Air , all substance need
oxygen to burn.
 FUEL

C F
FUEL
OXY
HEAT
GEN hemistry of ire

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

SOLID LIQUIDS GAS
WOOD GASOLINE HELIUM
PAPER KEROSINE ACETYLENE
CLOTHES DIESEL PROPANE
PLASTICS ALCOHOL BUTANE
HOUSE GARMENTS PAINTS/VARNISH METHANE
 FUEL

HEAT
C
OXY
hemistry of F ire

HEAT
GEN

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

SOURCES OF HEAT:
1. OPEN FLAME
2. ELECTRIC ENERGY/APPLIANCES
3. MECHANICALS/ENGINES
4. FLYING EMBERS
5. LIGHTNING/ SOLAR ENERGY
 FUEL

C F
OPEN FLAME
OXY
HEAT
GEN hemistry of ire

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

SOURCES OF HEAT:
 FUEL

HEAT
C
OXY
GEN hemistry of F ire

ELECTRIC ENERGY/APPLIANCES

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

SOURCES OF HEAT:
 FUEL

HEAT
C
OXY
GEN hemistry of F ire

MECHANICALS/ENGINES

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

SOURCES OF HEAT:
 FUEL

C F
FLYING EMBERS
OXY
HEAT
GEN hemistry of ire

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

SOURCES OF HEAT:
 FUEL

C F
LIGHTNING
OXY
HEAT
GEN hemistry of ire

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

SOURCES OF HEAT:
 FUEL

HEAT
C
OXY
hemistry of F ire

OXYGEN
GEN

1. IN NORMAL AIR 21%

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

2. TO SUPPORT COMBUSTION 16%
3. PEOPLE WILL HAVE DIFFICULTY
OF THINKING CLEARLY AND
CONTROLLING THEIR MUSCLES.
4. BREATHING STOPS IF OXYGEN
IN THE AIR IS 6% TO 10%.
5. 4 TO 6 MINS WITHOUT OXYGEN
BRAIN DEATH OCCUR.
 FUEL

HEAT
C
OXY
GEN hemistry of F ire

TRIANGLE OF FIRE

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

Fuel
Heat

FIRE

Oxygen
 FUEL

C F
STAGES OF FIRE
OXY
HEAT
GEN hemistry of ire

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

• Incipient stage
• Smoldering stage
• Flame Stage
• Heat Stage
 FUEL

HEAT
C
OXY
GEN hemistry of F ire

CLASSES OF FIRE AND ITS

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

EXTINGUISHING AGENTS
• Class A- Ordinary combustible
material
• Example-wood, trash, cloth

• Extinguishing agent- Water

 FUEL

HEAT
C
OXY
GEN hemistry of F ire

CLASSES OF FIRE AND ITS

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

EXTINGUISHING AGENTS
• Class B- Flammable
liquids
• Example- Gasoline,
kerosene ,LPG, thinner ,
paints
• Extinguishing agent- Dry
powder and Foam
 FUEL

HEAT
C
OXY
GEN hemistry of F ire

CLASSES OF FIRE AND ITS

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

EXTINGUISHING AGENTS
• Class C- Energized
electrical equipment
• Example- Fuse, overheated
electric appliance, short
circuit ,worn out insulation.
• Extinguishing agent- de-
energized apply non-
conductive extinguisher.
 FUEL

HEAT
C
OXY
GEN hemistry of F ire

CLASSES OF FIRE AND ITS

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

EXTINGUISHING AGENTS
• Class D- Combustible
metal
• Example- , TNT, C4,
Nitroglycerin, magnesium,

• Extinguishing agent- use

type A,B,C,D fire
Extinguisher.
 FUEL

HEAT
C
OXY
GEN hemistry of F ire

CLASSES OF FIRE AND ITS

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

EXTINGUISHING AGENTS
• Class K- Fire in cooking
appliance that involves
combustible cooking
media, such as
• Example- , vegetable or
animal oils and fats.
• Extinguishing agent- use
type CO2 and Foam Fire
Extinguisher.
 FUEL

HEAT
C
OXY
GEN hemistry of F ire

BY PRODUCT OF FIRE

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

• HEAT
• SMOKE
• OXYGEN DEFICIENCY
• ASHES AND EMBERS
• CARBON DIOXIDE
• CARBON MONOXIDE
• HYDROGEN CYANIDE
• HYDROGEN CHLORIDE
 FUEL

HEAT
C
OXY
GEN hemistry of F ire

HEAT TRANSFER

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

CONDUCTION- direct contact.
CONVECTION- Transmission of heat
through conductor/ medium such as
pipe, hot air duet.
RADIATION- transmission by means of
rays, or straight line from a source to
receiving material with out heating the
intervening medium
 FUEL

HEAT
C
OXY
GEN hemistry of F ire

CONDUCTION

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

HEAT TRANSFER
 FUEL

HEAT
C
OXY
GEN hemistry of F ire

CONVECTION

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

HEAT TRANSFER
 FUEL

HEAT
C
OXY
GEN hemistry of F ire

RADIATION

PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION

HEAT TRANSFER
 PUERTO PRINCESA CITY FIRE STATION
FO3 JOHN MARK P BABAS
CHIEF PLANS & TRAINING
FIRE SAFETY INSPECTOR