Solid Mensuration

Mr. Mark Jave C. Gualberto, RME

Lecturer I
 Mensuration of Plane Figures

 Kind of Triangles according to sides

 Kinds of Triangles according to Angles
 Pythagorean Theorem
 Measurement of Triangles
 Quadrilaterals
 Triangles
Definition

Triangles
A triangles is a polygon of three sides. A triangle has 6 principal parts: 3 sides and 3 interior angles.

A triangle whose vertices are points A,B and C is designated as with angel A,B and C and the sides
opposite the angle by a,b,c respectively as shown above.
 Triangles
Kinds of Triangle according to sides

Kinds of Triangle according to sides

A triangle is scalene, if no sides are equal.

a. A triangle is isosceles, if two sides are equal.

c. A triangle is equilateral , if three sides are equal.

 Triangles
Kinds of Triangle according to angles

Kinds of Triangle according to angles

A. A triangle is obtuse, if one angle is obtuse.

B. A triangle is right, if one angel is right.

C. A triangle is acute ,if all angels are acute.

D. A triangle is equiangular ,if all angles are equal.

 Triangles
Properties

A median of a triangle is a line segment joining a vertex with the midpoint of the opposite side.

An altitude of a triangle is a line segment from a vertex perpendicular to and terminated by the opposite side
or its prolongation.

An angle bisector of a triangle is a line segment bisecting an angle and terminated by the opposite side.

The perimeter of a triangle is the sum of the lengths of its sides.

 Pythagorean Theorem
Definition

The square of the hypotenuse of a triangle is equal to the sum of the square of its legs.

c=
 Pythagorean Theorem

A right triangle is a triangle with a right angle.

c==
a=
P=a+b+c
A= ab = chc
 Pythagorean Theorem

Ex. 1 Find the length of base in a right triangle where the length of the hypotenuse is 29 units and
the length of perpendicular is 21 units.
 Pythagorean Theorem

Ex. 2 Determine the length of the hypotenuse of a right triangle whose other two sides are of
length 5 units and 12 units.
 Trigonometric Ratios

SOH CAH TOA

Trigonometric Ratios
EXAMPLE
Trigonometric Ratios
EXAMPLE
Trigonometric Ratios
EXAMPLE
 Law of Sines

Solving side and angles of triangle using Law of Sines

 Law of Sines
Example

Solving side and angles of triangle using Law of Sines

 Law of Cosine
Formula

Solving side and angles of triangle using Law of Cosines

Law of Cosine
Example
 Quadrilaterals

A Quadrilateral is polygon of four sides. If no two sides are parallel the quadrilateral is called
trapezium. the perimeter of a quadrilateral is the sum of the median of a trapezoid is the line
segment joining the midpoints of non-parallel side. such as EF as shown.
The median of a trapezoid is equal to one-half the sum of the bases.
m = (a+b)

An altitude of a trapezoid is a line segment perpendicular to and between the bases.

The area of a trapezoid is equal to the product of the altitude and median of the trapezoid.
A=
 Quadrilaterals

A parallelogram is a quadrilateral whose opposite side are parallel. Its opposite side are equal. Two sides are parallel
and equal . Its diagonal bisect each other and its opposite angles are equal.

A = base x altitude
P = 2(a + b)
d1 =

d2 =

A rhombus is a parallelogram with equal adjacent sides.

A=
P = 4s
h=
 Quadrilaterals

A rectangle is a parallelogram with a right angle. The dimensions of a rectangle are the length
and the altitude height or width of the rectangle .the bases of the area of the rectangle is the product
of its dimension.
A = ab = LW
P = 2L+2W = 2a+2b

A square is a rectangle with equal adjacent sides.

A = s2
P = 4s
d=
 Quadrilaterals

Examples
1. A block is enclosed by two parallel streets 14 meters apart and are crossed by two other streets
not parallel. If the block enclosed is 15 meters on one side and 10 meters on the other ,what is
the area the block?
Solution.
 Quadrilaterals

Examples
2. Find the area of the largest circle which can be cut form a square of edge 5 cm. What is the are of
the material wasted?

Solution.