Introduction to

Guidance and Counselling

EDC 351
 Principles of Guidance

 Objectives of Guidance
 PRINCIPLES OF GUIDANCE

•A guidance principle can be explained as

a fundamental truth or doctrine, laws, set
of rules, assumptions guidelines or
procedures which guards the guidance
activities of its practitioners.
 PRINCIPLES OF GUIDANCE cont’d
The principles include:

1. Guidance focuses on the assets of the

individual (uses the potential of the
individual)

2. Guidance is for all students

 PRINCIPLES OF GUIDANCE cont’d.
3. Guidance is a team work
4. It is geared towards decision making
5. It is concerned with all areas of student’s
growth
6. It is based on the uniqueness of the individual
7. It is a process (developmental in nature)
8. Guidance lends itself to evaluation
 PRINCIPLES OF GUIDANCE cont’d.
9. Guidance is based on the philosophy of personal
responsibility (giving the individual the opportunity
to choose and plan decisions for himself/herself)
10. Recognises the worth and dignity of an individual

11. It is based on cooperation (people should not be

forced to accept guidance)
OBJECTIVES OF GUIDANCE PROGRAMME
Guidance has the following aims/objectives since it is a
means of making an individual become productive:

 To enable one understand himself, his world and

others

 Helping people to make informed choices and

implement them
 Objectives of Guidance Programme cont’d

 Enabling people to work co-operatively towards a

common goal

 Exposing people to internal and external influences

for change

 Use strategies that are consistent with individual

goals.
 Ob
Objectives of Guidance Programme cont’d.

 Assist learners to recognize their individual strengths

and challenges.

 Help people to receive information, reflect on them and

act accordingly.

 Promote the development of interpersonal skills to

build positive relationships with peers, adults and
community around learners.
 Ob
Objectives of Guidance Programme cont’d.

 Develop productive work habits in the classroom that apply

to the workforce.
 Help learners gain some insight into the world of
work, the realities therein and the relationships to
their education and specialization.
 Ob
Objectives of Guidance Programme cont’d.
 Encourage power sharing and enabling individuals to
pursue their own directions as a contribution to shared
goals.
 Help individuals to use problem-solving strategies rather
than blaming others or focusing on faults.
 Help individuals to have effective and sensitive line of
communication.
 Objectives of Guidance Programme cont’d.

 Provide learners with skills, awareness and knowledge

to enable them confront social inadequacies.
 Help learners understand the self in terms of their
personal ability, interest, motivation and potentials.
 Help learners develop decision making skills.
 Decrease anxiety