VOLCANO

Formation of volcano &

dangers brought by volcano

Presented by: Jaslyn Mae M. Cruz &

Princess Jane G. Lopez
 1 VOLCANO AND
2 I T S PA RT S
Formation of
Contents 3 volcano
S TAT E S O F
VOLCANO
4 TYPES OF
V O L C
DANGERS A N O
5
BROUGHT
BY
WHAT IS
VOLCANO?
Volcanoes are openings in the Earth’s rocky crust which
allow hot molten (melted) rock, ash and gas to escape
from below the surface.
 Volcanoes often form a hill or mountain as layers of
rock and ash build up from repeated eruptions.
  Ash, steam & gas: material
erupted from the volcano
 Volcanic bombs: large  Crater: created when an
lumps of rock and molten eruption blows the top
blobs of magma thrown off a volcano
out from the volcano
 Lava: erupted magma
 Main Vent: main opening
in the ground surface
 Secondary Vent: smaller
outlets which magma
 Conduit: channel which escapes
magma travels through
 Geyser: vent that shoots
 Sill: flat sheet of igneous steam and boiling water
rock formed underground into the airSlide 6

 Magma chamber: pool of

magma below the volcano

PARTS OF VOLCANO
VOLCANIC BOMBS
 FORMATION OF
VOLCANO
HOW EXACTLY DO VOLCANOES FORM?
•Volcanoes are formed when magma from within the Earth’s upper
mantle works its way to the surface.
•Inside the earth heat and pressures causes rock to melt and turn
to magma.
•Magma is forced up to the surface of the Earth because it
is less dense. Over a long time, the magma may accumulate,
forming a “magma chamber”
•The lava cools quickly to form layers.
•Over time as the volcano continues to erupt, it well get
bigger and bigger.
 VOLCANOES FORM IN THREE
MAIN TYPES OF LOCATION

HOT SPOTS: DIVERGENT PLATE CONVERGENT PLATE

where an BOUNDARIES: BOUNDARIES:
unusually large where continental where continental
amount of plates, are moving plates are moving
magma has away from each towards each other and
accumulated in other, allowing one plate plunges below
the lithosphere. magma to rise to another plate,
the surface. undergoes melting, and
forms new magma.
 STATES OF VOLCANO
Active Volcanoes
These are volcanoes that have
erupted within the last 10,000
years.

Dormant Volcanoes
These are volcanoes that have not
erupted in the past 10,000
years, but could erupt
again.

Extinct Volcanoes
These are volcanoes that have not
erupted in the past 10,000 years
and will not erupt.
MAJOR TYPES OF VOLCANO
CINDER CONE VOLCANO
(SCORIA CONE)
• SIMPLEST KIND OF VOLCANO
• FORMS WHEN EXPLOSIVE ACTIVITY
THROWS MAGMA INTO THE AIR,
WHICH COOLS INTO CINDERS AND
SETTLES AROUND THE VOLCANO’S
OPENING.
MAJOR TYPES OF VOLCANO
COMPOSITE VOLCANOES
(STRATOVOLCANOES)
• LIKE CINDER CONES, MOST COMPOSITE
VOLCANOES HAVE A CRATER AT THE TOP,WITH
A CENTRAL VENT OR A CLUSTER OF VENTS.
• OVER MULTIPLE ERUPTIONS, THE
ACCUMULATION OF BOTH EXPLOSIVE ACTIVITY
AND LAVA FLOWS FORM THE STEEP, SWEEPING
SIDES OF THIS VOLCANO.
MAJOR TYPES OF VOLCANO
SHIELD VOCANO
• BUILT ALMOST ENTIRELY FROM LAVA
FLOW.
• OVER MULTIPLE ERUPTIONS, LONG
FLUID LAVA FLOWS FORM BROAD
LAYERS, WHICH ACCUMULATE INTO
SOME OF THE WORLD’S LARGEST
VOLCANOES.
MAJOR TYPES OF VOLCANO
LAVA DOMES
• USUALLY FORM IN THE CRATER OR
ON THE SIDES OF LARGE COMPOSITE
VOLCANOES.
• FORMS WHEN THICK, EXTREMELY
VISCOUS LAVA ERUPTS, HARDENING
IN A DOME SHAPE.
 Can burn down or cover
L AVA F L O W S any building or roads

Can get inside airplane

engines and poison water
NGERS BROUGHT
VOLCANIC ASH supplies. Can be extremely
Y VOLCANO & gas
harmful to humans and
other animals

PYROCLASTI Boiling and crushing

anything in their path
C FLOWS
LAHARS Destructive and can bulldoze
anything in their path

VOLCANIC Can cause other natural

hazards
ERUPTION

REFERENCES:
https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/~/media/shared/documents/educati
on%20and%20careers/Resources/FactSheets/KS2%20Volcano%20
factsheet.pdf?la=en
 http://www.primaryhomeworkhelp.co.uk/mountains/volcanoes.h
tm
 https://www.nationalgeographic.org/media/volcano-satellite-ima
ges/
 https://owlcation.com/stem/4-Different-Types-of-Volcanoes-Cinde
r-Cones-Lava-Domes-Shield-and-Composite-Volcanoes
 https://slideplayer.com/amp/9789475/
 https://owlcation.com/stem/How-Does-a-Volcano-Form
 https://www.onegeology.org/extra/kids/volcanoes.html
Thank You!!!