Tension Test

Presented By: Group #3

Tension Test

 It is a fundamental materials science and engineering test in which a sample is

subjected to a controlled tension until failure.
  It is used to find out how strong a material is and also how much it can be
stretched before it breaks.
  This test method is used to determine yield strength, strain hardening
characteristics, Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio.
Test Properties:

• Yield Strength
-The yield strength is the point at which plastic deformation occurs under stress.
• Poisson’s Ratio
-The ratio of transverse contraction strain to longitudinal extension strain in the
direction of stretching force.
• Young’s Modulus
-Describes the elastic properties of a solid undergoing tension or compression in
only one direction, as in the case of a metal rod that after being stretched or
compressed lengthwise returns to its original length.
• Strain Hardening Characteristics
-Strain hardening is observed as a strengthening of a material during large strain
deformation.
Why is Tension Testing Performed?

Tension testing provides details of the tensile mechanical properties of a material.

These properties can be plotted on a graph as a stress/ strain curve to show details
such as the point at which the material failed as well as providing details of
properties such as the modulus of elasticity, strain and yield strength.
Tension testing has a variety of uses, including:

 Selecting materials for an application

 Predicting how a material will perform under different forces
 Determining whether the requirements of a specification, contract or standard are
met
 Demonstrating proof of concept for a new product
 Proving characteristics for a proposed patent
 Providing standard quality assurance data for scientific and engineering functions
 Comparing technical data for different material options
 Material testing to provide evidence for use in legal proceedings
Why is tension testing important?

• Tension testing is critical for selecting appropriate materials during research and
development.
• Flaws in equipment can prove costly and dangerous to the manufacturer and end
user of a product.
• Tensile testing also gives designers and manufacturers data on new materials and
their properties so they can determine qualities for future use.
Types of Tension Testing

• Proof Test
-a fixed load is applied to a structure and then removed before the structure enters
service

• Pressure Test
-is applied to any equipment that will be under pressure. The level of pressure
applied is more than normally experienced.
Torsion Test
• Torsion Test

Is a type of mechanical testing that evaluates the properties of materials or devices
while under stress from angular displacement.

 It can be split into two distinct categories: testing raw materials like metal wires
or plastic tubing.
Test Properties
• Modulus of elasticity in shear
-Tangent or secant modulus of elasticity of a material subjected to shear loading.
Alternate terms are modulus of rigidity and modulus of elasticity in shear
• Yield shear strength
-Indication of maximum stress that can be developed in a material without causing
plastic deformation.
• Ultimate shear strength
-Highest engineering stress developed in material before rupture.
• Modulus of rupture in shear
-Ultimate strength determined in a test
• Ductility
-Extent to which a material can sustain plastic deformation without rupture.
Why is Torsion Testing Performed?

• The purpose of a torsion test is to determine sample behavior when twisted, or
under torsional forces, as a result of applied moments that cause shear stress about
the axis
Types of Torsion Tests

Failure Testing

Proof Testing

Functional Testing
THANK YOU!