Environmental

education

Presented by
Benita
Biomass and biofuel energy resources
Advantages and disadvantages
 INTRODUCTION :

Biomass is plant waste material used as a fuel to

produce heat or electricity. Biomas can be used as a fuel
directly. The international energy agency describes Biomass as a
most important source of renewable energy. Most of the Global
bio energy is produced from forest resources.
BIOMASS CATEGORIES :

Biomass is categorised as either

● Biomass harvested directly from energy ( primary Biomass )
● Biomass harvested as a Residue or waste
( secondary Biomass )
 ● Biomass harvested directly from energy :

● The main Biomass type harvested directly from energies wood,

some food crops and all perennial energy crops
● Woody biomas harvester directly from energy of trees and
bushes harvested from traditional cooking and heating purpose
● The main food crops harvested for energy are sugar producing
crops , starch producing crops and oil producing drops.
Sugarcane se perenial crop. Sugar and starts producing crops are
used to make bio ethanol and oil producing crops are used to
make biodiesel
● Perennial energy crops are seen as the preferred category of
crops for energy production because of high yield
● Biomass in the form of Residue and waste :

Residue and waste are bribe products from

biological material harvested mainly for non - energy purpose
Biomass conservation :

● Thermal conservation
● Chemical conservation
● Biological conservation
● Thermal conservation :

Pyrolysis is the thermal decomposition process that take

place in the absence of oxygen to convert biomas into solids charcol,
liquid and gas. Pyrolysis technology is generally categories does fast
or slow according to the time taken 4 processing the feed into
pyrolysis product.
● Chemical conversation :

Biochemical conversation of biomass involves

use of bacteria, microorganisms and inseems to break down biomas
into gaseous or liquid fuel such as biogas or bio ethanol. The most
popular biochemical technologies are anaerobic digestion and
fermentation.
● Biological conversation :

Biomas is a natural Material. Bioethanol is used as

vehicle fuel. In most cases microorganisms are used to perform the
conversation process.
Advantages of biomass :

● Biomas is widely available as a renewable source of energy

● It is less expensive than fossil fuel.
● It is eco friendly.
● It reduce wates from the environment
● It is carbon neutral.
Disadvantages of biomass :

● It requires more maintenance.

● It requires more space or large area.
● It can become non renewable energy.
● It is economically non efficient.
Biofuel energy resources :

Biofuel is any fuel that is there from Biomass that is

plant, algae or animal waste. Biopholes considered to be a source of
renewable resources unlike fossil fuel such as petroleum coal and
natural gas
Biofuel mainly used for :

Unlike other renewable energy sources by

your must can be converted directly into liquid fuel called biofuel.
The two most.common type of Biofuel are ethanol and biodiesel .
Sources of biofuel :

Biofilice generated by processing materials from

various plants and animal sources. The common organic materials
used to create biofuel include.
● Animal fat
● Sugarcane
● Rice
● Sunflower oil
● Soybean oil
● Palmoli
Biofuel made of :

Scientist divided biofuel into four categories or

generation depending upon raw materials used to produce them.
● First generation fuels are made mainly from food related sources.
● Second generation biosfuel are produced from non food sources.
They are mainly made from cellulose. They also called cellulose
biofuel
● Third Generation by a fuels are made from certain species of
algae they are also called Algal fuels
● Fourth generation biofuels are created through advanced
biochemistry technique.

Advantages of Biofuel :
● Biofuel is made from renewable resources and retailed
less flammable.
● It has less harmful carbon emission.
● Biofuels are made from many different sources such as
manure, waste from crops and other byproducts
● It reduce greenhouse gases.
● It lowers the level of pollution .

Disadvantages of biofuel :
● High cost production.
● Monoculture.
● Use of fertilizers
● It cause industrial pollution.
● It cause global warming