Means of expressing the Future

Review
 Present Simple

 Present Tense Simple expresses the future when used in

schedules or official programs:

 The train leaves at 6 o’clock.

 School starts on September 15th.
 The shop opens on Monday.
 Present Continuous

 Present Tense Continuous is used to talk about the future

when it expresses near future personal arrangements:

 I am seeing the doctor tomorrow for a tiny intervention.

 My brother is meeting Melisa in front of the supermarket.
 I am leaving tomorrow.
Future Tense Simple & Continuous

 Generally used to talk about future actions:

 He will be a doctor after he finishes university.
 I think it will rain tomorrow

 He will be working this time tomorrow.

 Timmy and Sylvie will be driving home on Easter day.
 “Be Going To” Future

 Generally used to express future actions:

 I am going to visit my parents next week.
 Look at those clouds! It’s going to rain.
 Watch out! The bomb is going to explode!
 FUTURE PERFECT SIMPLE

 FORM: S + will/shall + have + vb. – 3rd form (Past Participle)

E.g.
 (+) I will have finished my graduation paper by this time
tomorrow.
 (-) I will not/won’t have finished my graduation paper by this
time tomorrow.
 (?) Will I have finished my graduation paper by this time
tomorrow?
 Time expressions

 By the time …
 By this time tomorrow/next year …
 By Monday …
 By 7 o’clock …
 By …
 In five year’s time …
 USES

 To talk about events finished by a certain time in the future

 I’ll have finished cooking by the time the guests arrive.

 Will you have gone to bed when I get back?

 To express duration in the future

 He will have worked here for exactly 20 years by 2021.

Quote of the day