FACTORS AFFECTING

SOLLUBILITY
Solubility is the maximum amount of a solute substance
that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a specific
temperature. There are different factors that affect
solubility:
 → Nature of solute and solvent
 → Temperature of solvent
 → Manner of stirring
 → Amount of solvent
 → Size of the solute
 The Effect of Nature of Solute and Solvent on
Solubility:
 Solubility of a solute in a solvent depends on the nature of both
solute and solvent. Example:
 salt-(solute) dissolves in water-(solvent)
 nail polish dissolves in acetone

 We cannot dissolve nail polish in water, but water can dissolve salt.
 The Effect of Temperature of Solvent on
Solubility
 Temperature affects the solubility of a solution. Raising the
temperature will increase the solubility of a solute in a
solvent.
 Example: A hot water dissolves a medicine easily than cold
water.
 The Effect of Manner of Stirring on
Solubility
 Stirring affects how quickly a solute dissolves in a solvent. In
the absence of stirring, the concentration of solute will be
highest close to the pieces of solute, so more solute won't
dissolve into the solution until it is stirred. The solute will
dissolve faster by diffusion.
 One important concept of solution is in defining how much
solute is dissolved in a given amount of solvent. This called
concentration. If the solution has small amount of solute it
describes as a Dilute while concentrated describes solution that
has a lot of solute in a given solvent. There is only a certain
maximum amount of solute can be dissolved in a given solvent.
This maximum amount is called the solubility.
Let’s Try!

Nature of Solvent
Solutions and Their
Characteristics
Example:
Colloids and Their
Characteristics
Sol

 A sol is a colloid made out of solid particles in a

continuous liquid medium. Sols are quite stable and
show the Tyndall effect.
 Examples include blood, pigmented ink, cell fluids,
paint, antacids and mud. Artificial sols may be
prepared by dispersion or condensation.
Emulsion
 Emulsions consist of a dispersion of two liquids, where each other
are immiscible. One of the liquids acts as the dispersion medium,
whereas the other will act as the dispersed phase. In other words,
emulsions are the colloids in which both the dispersion medium and
the dispersed phase are liquids. The oil and water mixtures are the
emulsions when they are shaken together. Then, the oil forms drop
and disperse throughout the water.
 For example, the photographic emulsion type is a gelatin gel
consisting of tiny crystals that are dispersed in it. A few other
examples of emulsions include butter, egg yolk containing lecithin,
and an emulsion of water in fat.
Foam

 Foam is an object formed by trapping pockets of gas in

a liquid or solid. In most foams, the volume of gas is
large, with thin films of liquid or solid separating the
regions of gas.
 Examples of foams formed by gases in liquids
include whipped cream, fire retardant foam, and soap
bubbles.
Aerosol
 An aerosol is a collection of solid particles or
liquid droplets dispersed in air.
 Examples include smoke, fog, sea spray and
pollution particles from vehicles.
Let’s Try!
 Suspensions and Their
Characteristics
Particles in the surrounding environment that suspend in air and water
affect the characteristics of some substances when combined with it.
When you put some flour in a glass of water and stir it, flour will not
dissolve entirely in a water, but it will settle down when left
undisturbed. Visible particles of flour can be seen to the naked eyes as
it makes the water cloudy.
 Learning Task No. 1
 Do the activity.

A mixture of
lemonade powder
and water
 Learning Task No. 2
 Do the activity.

Water and small

rocks