Conjunctions

By: MRN & RAZ

Learning outcomes

By the of this lesson, you will be able to:

• Identify & classify conjunctions accurately
• Demonstrate understanding of conjunctions
• Demonstrate ability to use conjunctions in different
contexts.
• Distinguish between conjunctions and adverbs/
prepositions
Definition

• A word that “joins”.

• It joins words together.
• It also joins two parts of a sentence.
• It is a linking word.
Types of Conjunctions

Coordinating Subordinating Correlating

conjunctions conjunctions conjunctions

For, and, nor, but, Although, because, Neither- nor, either-

or, yet, so (FANBOYS) since, unless or, both- and, but-
also, whether- or
Examples

• We could go the library, or we could go to the

park. (Coordinating)
• He neither finished his homework nor studied
for the test.(Correlative)
• I went out because the sun was shining.
(Subordinating)
Aspects of Conjunctions

1. Forms
2. Functions
3. Positions
Forms

3 basic forms:
- Single word (so, for while, since)
- Compound (provided that, as well as, so that)
- Correlative- always appear in pairs (both…
and, not only…..but also, so…as, either….or)
e.g: Both my husband and my father were
born on December
2 Basic Functions

1. Coordinating conjunctions
- to join 2 parts of a sentence that are grammatically equal.
- The 2 parts may be single word or clauses. E.g:

> Azni and Azham are getting married next month. (noun and
noun)
> They ran and laughed together. (verb and verb)
> The water was warm, but I didn’t go swimming. (clause and
clause)
2. Subordinating conjunctions
- To join a subordinate dependent clause
to a main clause.
e.g: I went swimming although it was
cold.
Functions of Conjunctions

Examples:

Cause - I decided to consult his father because I

Functions

did not trust him. (Cause)

Contrast - He is gorgeous but he is so arrogant.
(contrast)
Addition - Ann wrapped the present and Alex
labelled it (Addition)
Alternative - You can have tea or coffee.
(Alternative)
 Positions

Examples:

Conjunctions - You will get good grades if you

work harder.

Coordinating Subordinating - Since he is not there, we should

Conjunctions Conjunctions not enter

- When I am sick, my father takes

me to that clinic.
Between Words or clauses Beginning of a
subordinate clause
- He took the umbrella as it was
raining heavily
Coordinating conjunctions

• Are used to join 2 similar grammatical constructions (2 items of

equal rank); for instance 2 words, 2 phrases or 2 clauses