MOTION IN ONE

DIMENSION
VECTOR OR SCALAR
REVIEW
A football player is running 10 miles
toward the endzone.
The volume of the box at the west side of
the building is 15 cubic feet.
The temperature of the room is 15 degree
Celcius
MECHANICS

the study of the motion of objects.

KINEMATICS

deals with the quantitative

description of motion.
DYNAMICS

focuses on forces that affects

motion.
How do we describe motion?
DISTANCE

the length of the actual

paths traveled.
DISPLACEMENT

the length and direction of the

change in position measured
from the starting point.
SPEED, VELOCITY AND
ACCELERATION
SPEED

The speed of an object is a measure of how

fast it moves.
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED

Speed of an object at an instant.

Speedometer is an instrument that
determines the instantaneous speed of a
vehicle.
AVERAGE SPEED

Total distance covered by an object in a

certain period of time.
Average speed is the ratio of the total
distance traveled and the total time travel
v = d
t
v = average speed
d = distance traveled
t = time of travel
 SAMPLE PROBLEM

Zian Evans holds a record of 10 s for the

women’s 100-m race at the SEA games.
What was her speed?
 SAMPLE PROBLEM

How long does it take a person running

at a rate of 4m/s to run a distance of 260
m?
SAMPLE PROBLEM

How far would a snowmobile travel in

0.5 hours at a rate of 25 km/h?
VELOCITY

Speed in a given direction

It is known as the distance traveled in a
particular direction in a given time interval
v = d T
tint
v = velocity
dT = total displacement
tint = time interval
 SAMPLE PROBLEM

Karen drove to the city to pick up a

friend. She went 280 km east in about
9.6 hours. Calculate her velocity.
 SAMPLE PROBLEM

Grant sprints 50 m to the right with an

average velocity of 3.0 m/s. How many
seconds did Grant sprint?
 SAMPLE PROBLEM
As shown in the figure below, Luis rushes 40m toward
his truck. He notices he forgot his shoes and returns
back to his house. His total travel time is 60s.
1. What is Luis’ average velocity
over the 60s period?
2. What is Luis’ average speed
over the 60s period?
ACCELERATION

change in velocity with time

change in velocity
acceleration =
time interval
a = Δv
Δt
v f - vi
a =
t
SAMPLE PROBLEM

A runner travelling at a certain direction

at 10 m/s increases his velocity to 20
m/s in 5.0 s. Calculate the acceleration.
SAMPLE PROBLEM

What is the acceleration of a motorcycle

moving on a straight path when the
speed goes from 0 to 70 miles per hour
in 5 s?
SAMPLE PROBLEM

A sprinter goes a speed of 10 m/h to 15

m/h in 2 s. Find the acceleration of the
sprinter.
SAMPLE PROBLEM

A car’s performance is often judged by the

shortest time required to accelerate the car from
rest to 100 km/h. The new Ford Mustang can
achieve this in 10 s. What is the average
acceleration of this sports car in m/s²?
EVALUATION
1. A dog is chasing a bird. It runs 10 m
to the North and then turns and runs
20 m toward the west. Find the
distance traveled by the dog. What is
its displacement?
2. If the dog in number 1 traveled in
10 seconds, what is its speed in going
from its starting position to its final
position.
3. A car started from rest and gained a
velocity of 60 km/h in 10 seconds.
Calculate the acceleration of the car.