MODULE 4: THE

CHALLENGES OF
MIDDLE AND LATE
ADOLESCENCE
PREPARED BY:
MRS. JETT C. NISOLA
OBJECTIVES:
- discuss how facing the challenges during
adolescence, you may able to clarify and
manage the demands of teen years,
- express your feelings on the expectations
of the significant people around you, such
as your parents, siblings, friends, teachers,
community leaders, and
- make affirmations that help you become
more lovable and capable as an adolescent.
 HOW CAN YOU, AS AN
ADOLESCENT, BALANCE
THE EXPECTATIONS OF
SIGNIFICANT PEOPLE IN
YOUR LIFE AND YOUR
PERSONAL ASPIRATIONS?
ROLE PLAY ON CHALLENGES
OF MIDDLE ADOLESCENCE
1. Plan a role play on a specific situation in
which a developmental challenge of middle
adolescence is seen in your everyday living.
2. Practice your role play with your group
mates.
3. Perform your role play in class.
4. Make a report on your group’s
brainstorming and performance. Include this
report and the script.
 THE PASSAGE TO ADULTHOOD:
CHALLENGES OF LATE
ADOLESCENCE

Physical Development
 Most girls have completed the
physical changes related to puberty by
age 15.
 Boys are still maturing and gaining
strength, muscle mass, and height and
are completing the development of
sexual traits.
 THE PASSAGE TO ADULTHOOD:
CHALLENGES OF LATE ADOLESCENCE
Emotional Development
 May stress over school and test
scores.
 Is self-involved (may have high
expectations and low self-
concept).
 Seeks privacy and time alone.
 THE PASSAGE TO ADULTHOOD:
CHALLENGES OF LATE
ADOLESCENCE
 Is concerned about physical and
sexual attractiveness.
 May complain that parents prevent him
or her from doing things independently.
 Starts to want both physical and
emotional intimacy in relationships.
 The experience of intimate
partnerships
 THE PASSAGE TO ADULTHOOD:
CHALLENGES OF LATE ADOLESCENCE

Social Development
 shifts in relationship with parents from
dependency and subordination to one that
reflects the adolescent’s increasing
maturity and responsibilities in the family
and the community,
 Is more and more aware of social
behaviors of friends.
 THE PASSAGE TO ADULTHOOD:
CHALLENGES OF LATE ADOLESCENCE
 Seeks friends that share the same beliefs,
values, and interests.
 Friends become more important.
 Starts to have more intellectual interests.
 Explores romantic and sexual behaviors
with others.
 May be influenced by peers to try risky
behaviors (alcohol, tobacco, sex).
 THE PASSAGE TO ADULTHOOD:
CHALLENGES OF LATE ADOLESCENCE

Mental Development
 Becomes better able to set goals and
think in terms of the future.
 Has a better understanding of
complex problems and issues.
 Starts to develop moral ideals and to
select role models.
 ENCOURAGEMENT 101: THE
COURAGE TO BE IMPERFECT
BY TIMOTHY D. EVANS, PH.D.
Encouragement is the key ingredient for
improving your relationships with others. It is
the single most important skill necessary for
getting along with others – so important that the
lack of it could be considered the primary cause
of conflict and misbehavior. Encouragement
develops a person’s psychological hardiness
and social interest. Encouragement is the
lifeblood of a relationship. And yet, this simple
concept is often very hard to put into practice
 ENCOURAGEMENT 101: THE
COURAGE TO BE IMPERFECT
BY TIMOTHY D. EVANS, PH.D.
Encouragement is not a new idea. Its spiritual
connotation dates back to the Bible in Hebrews 3:11
which states “Encourage one another daily.”
Encouragement, as a psychological idea, was
developed by psychiatrist Alfred Adler in the early
20th century and continued to evolve through the
work of Adler’s follower Rudolph Dreikurs. However,
even today, relatively few educators, parents,
psychologists, leaders or couples have utilized this
valuable concept. Most of the time, people
mistakenly use a technique like praise in an effort to
“encourage” others.
 ENCOURAGEMENT 101: THE
COURAGE TO BE IMPERFECT
BY TIMOTHY D. EVANS, PH.D.
Half the job of encouragement lies in
avoiding discouraging words and actions.
When children or adults misbehave, it is
usually because they are discouraged.
Instead of building them up, we tear them
down; instead of recognizing their efforts
and improvements, we point out mistakes;
instead of allowing them to belong through
shared decision-making and meaningful
contributions, we isolate and label them.
 ENCOURAGEMENT 101: THE
COURAGE TO BE IMPERFECT
BY TIMOTHY D. EVANS, PH.D.
Most of us are skilled discouragers. We
have learned how to bribe, reward and, when
that fails, to punish, criticize, nag, threaten,
interrogate and emotionally withdraw. We do
this as an attempt to control those we love,
bolstered by the mistaken belief that we are
responsible for the behavior of everyone
around us, especially our spouses and
children. These attempts to control behavior
create atmospheres of tension and conflict in
many houses.
 MOST COMMONLY, WE
DISCOURAGE IN FIVE GENERAL
WAYS:
We set standards that are too high for others to meet
because we are overly ambitious.
 We focus on mistakes as a way to motivate change
or improved behavior.
We make constant comparisons (self to others,
siblings to one another).
 We automatically give a negative spin to the
actions of others.
 We dominate others by being overly helpful,
implying that they are unable to do it as well.
 Encouragement is not a technique nor is it a
special language used to gain compliance.
Encouragement conveys the idea that all
human beings are worthwhile, simply because
they exist. In one sentence, Mr. Rogers does
more for a child’s sense of adequacy than a
hundred instances of praise when he says, “I
like you just the way you are.” Not I like you
when you do it well enough, fast enough and
get it all correct. Encouragement develops
children’s psychological hardiness -- their
ability to function and recover when things
aren’t going their way
 Encouragement enhances a feeling of
belonging which leads to greater social
interest. Social interest is the tendency
for people to unite themselves with
other human beings and to accomplish
their tasks in cooperation with others.
The Junior League mission of
“developing the potential of women and
improving communities through the
effective action and leadership of
trained volunteers” is rooted in the idea
of social interest.
 The first step to becoming an
encouraging person is to learn to
distinguish encouragement from
discouragement. As a rule, ask yourself:
Whatever I say or do, will it bring me
closer together or farther apart from this
person?
We all have the power to be more
encouraging people. The choice, as
always, is yours.
 THE POWER OF PERSONAL
DECLARATIONS
BY DR. EMILY DE CARLO
So often we accept the declarations that
others have made concerning our own lives,
well-being or fate. It is imperative that we
recognize that in order to achieve what we
want in life, we must not give our power away
to others by accepting their declarations
concerning our affairs. When one decides that
he or she will boldly declare good fortune,
wellness, joy, etc. relative to his or her life, all
of heaven will break loose! Goodness and
mercy shall surely follow
 From birth, we are often told what we are going
to be. Sometimes, this is a good thing, but
suppose you have been told time and time again
that "you will not amount to anything just like your
mother or father"? This is a dangerous declaration
because it sets into motion the actualization of an
unwanted occurrence. All of us want to amount to
something! In order to counteract this and all of
the negative declarations with their destructive
potential, one must consciously replace them with
one's own declarations. In so doing, you are now
in control of setting into action what you really
want to occur. You can declare that goodness and
mercy shall surely follow you all the days of your
life!
 I DECLARE:
that I am totally free of all addictions.
that I will survive any attempts of others to control my
life.
that I am free in my mind, body, and emotions.
that I am free to set goals and reach them.
that I am a loving individual with the capacity to give love.
that I am a child of God with all rights and privileges
thereof.
that I will contribute to the welfare of others.
that I will be an ambassador of goodwill to all I meet on
the journey
 I DECLARE:
that I will be a good example for others to follow.
that I will help all that I can to reach their goals.
that I will speak words of encouragement to others.
that I will find the goodness in life and focus on it.
that I will not succumb to the negative influences of
others.
that I will read the information that will encourage
my personal, and spiritual growth.
that I will commit to being the best I can be.
 SLOGAN OR PERSONAL
DECLARATION ON BEING HAPPY
1. Read the essay on “Being Happy”.
2. Choose a phrase, sentence, or paragraph
that strikes you.
3. Make a slogan or personal declaration on
how you can be committed to your self-
development.
4. Explain your thoughts and feelings about
it. Include specific ways in which you will
develop yourself further.
 BEING HAPPY
You may have defects, be anxious and
sometimes live irritated, but do not forget that
your life is the greatest enterprise in the world.
Only you can prevent it from going into
decadence. There are many that need you,
admire you and love you.
I would like to remind you that being happy
is not having a sky without storms, or roads
without accidents, or work without fatigue, or
relationships without disappointments.
 Being happy is finding strength in
forgiveness, hope in one’s battles, security
at the stage of fear, love in disagreements.
Being happy is not only to treasure the
smile, but that you also reflect on the
sadness. It is not just commemorating the
event, but also learning lessons in failures. It
is not just having joy with the applause, but
also having joy in anonymity.
Being happy is to recognize that it is
worthwhile to live, despite all the challenges,
misunderstandings and times of crises.
 Being happy is not inevitable fate, but a victory for
those who can travel towards it with your own being.
Being happy is to stop being a victim of problems
but become an actor in history itself. It is not only to
cross the deserts outside of ourselves, but still more,
to be able to find an oasis in the recesses of our soul.
It is to thank God every morning for the miracle of
life..
Being happy is not being afraid of one's feelings. It
is to know how to talk about ourselves. It is to bear
with courage when hearing a "no". It is to have the
security to receive criticism, even if is unfair. It is to
kiss the children, pamper the parents, have poetic
moments with friends, even if they have hurt us.
 Being happy means allowing the free, happy and
simple child inside each of us to live; having the
maturity to say, "I was wrong"; having the audacity to
say, "forgive me". It is to have sensitivity in expressing,
"I need you"; to have the ability of saying, "I love you."
So that your life becomes a garden full of opportunities
for being happy...
In your spring-time, may you become a lover of joy.
In your winter, may you become a friend of wisdom. And
when you go wrong along the way, you start all over
again. Thus you will be more passionate about life. And
you will find that happiness is not about having a
perfect life but about using tears to water tolerance,
losses to refine patience, failures to carve serenity, pain
to lapidate pleasure, obstacles to open the windows of
intelligence.
 Never give up ... Never give up on the
people you love. Never give up from
being happy because life is an incredible
show. And you are a special human
being!