Objective:

Describe how rocks turn

into soil S5FE-IVa-1
The teacher will present a trivia about
• Sandstone is used to build buildings.
• Marble is used for monuments, buildings
floor, counter tops, and kitchen items.
• Limestone is used to decorative trims,
buildings, monuments park bench.
• Granite is used for monuments, buildings,
grave markers
Look at the pictures
What are these places? What do
you see in these places?
Where else can you find rocks?
Group Activity: “Classifying
Rocks”
Problem: How are rocks
classified?
Materials: sample of rocks,
magnifying glass, coin, glass,
fingernail
Procedure: 1. Put all rock samples
in a container.
2. Examine the rocks. Use the
magnifying lens to observe the
physical properties of rocks such
as color, contents, and texture of
each sample.
3. Rub the rocks against each other.
Scratch the rock using the glass and
your fingernail.
4. Look for some features that are
similar with the sample. Determine if
they have the same color, crystal or
mineral contents, and hardness
5. Group similar samples
Guided Questions:
1. In what ways are rocks similar?
2. In what ways are rocks differ?
What do you think is the cause for all
these differences?
4. What are the criteria you used in
grouping them?
Conclusion:
______________________________
______________________________
____________________________
Group Reporting / Presentation of
the Output Sharing of results
Answer these questions:
1. Describe the colors of the rocks. Are they
different?
2. Do they have different size, shape and
texture?
3. How do we know that they absorb much
water?
4. Were the rocks that did not break when you
scratch them?
5. How do you describe these rocks?
6. How were you able to classify the rocks?
7. What did we use to determine the
hardness of rocks?
Directions: Identify the property of the
mineral described. The first letter given
will serve as your clue. ______1. What R
refers to the solid materials that make up
most of Earth’s crust?
________ 2. What H refers to the way a
mineral resists being scratched?
_____ 3. What S is used to test the
hardness of a mineral?
_______ 4. What L refers to the way a
mineral reflects light?
________ 5. What C refers to the
property of minerals to break along one
or more smooth, flat surface?_________
In building a house which do you
think are you going to use? Why
do you say so?
What is a rock?
What are the characteristics of rocks?
What are the minerals present in rocks?
Rocks are combination of one or more
minerals that are naturally formed
and found on the surface or beneath the
surface of earth.
Rocks and minerals may be classified
according to their characteristics
such as, texture, color, luster, streak,
hardness,
specific gravity, cleavage, and shape
Characteristics of Rocks
Color: it is the most observable
characteristic of work. However, some
mineral have different colors due to
impurities and chemical reactions. For
example: pure quartz, or silicon dioxide,
is a
colorless mineral. Amethyst is violet. A
trace of other elements makes it green,
pink, blue, or some other color.
Luster: it describes the way light reflects
off a surface of a mineral. Silver and
gold possess a metallic luster that makes
these very shiny, while non – metallic
are dull.
Some kinds of non – metallic luster are
pearly, greasy or dull like pyroxene and
muscovite.
Streaks: it refers to the color of a thin
layer powdered mineral. It is obtained
by rubbing a mineral against a hard
surface such as porcelain or unglazed
tile. The mineral “streak off” into
powder.
Hematite can be red, black, or brown;
but if you rub it against a rough surface,
it will produce a reddish – brown streak.
Cleavage: it is the property of minerals
that refers to how they break. A mineral
has good cleavage if it breaks along
irregular surface.
Hardness: the hardness of a mineral is
measured by how it scratches a softer
object or how a harder object scratches
it. Hardness can be measured by
scratching one mineral with another
mineral, a steel knife blade, your
fingernail or a shiny copper coin.
Diamond is the hardest mineral because
it can scratch all other minerals. Talc is
the softest mineral because it can be
easily scratched by all other minerals as
well as by a fingernail
Direction: Choose the letter of the
correct answer. 1. Which of the
following best describes a rock?
A. Solid and organic material
B. Solid and inorganic material
C. Solid and liquid organic material
D. Liquid and inorganic material
2. In your science activity, you
observed that some rock samples are
big while others ara small. Your
observation clearly shows that the
rocks may differ in . A. Color B.
Hardness C. Shape D. Size
3. Your teacher asked you to use a hand
lens to observe the rock samples. You
noticed that some rocks have coarse grains
while others have fine grains in them. This
shows that rocks differ in ________.
A. Size B. Texture C. Shape D. Color
4. While doing the activity, you observed
that some rocks can be scratched by other
rocks. This shows that rocks differ in
_________.
A. Size B. Color C. Hardness D. Shape
5. In your science class, you were able to
observe that rocks differ in size, color,
shape texture and hardness. This
observation shows that rocks ________.
A. Maybe soft or hard
B. Maybe light or dark – colored
C. Maybe big or small
D. Have different characteristics
 Collect different rocks then tell its
characteristics