REVISION OF

PAST TENSE
REFERENCE PRACTICAL ENGLISH USAGE BY MICHAEL
S WA N , O X F O R D P R A C T I C E G R A M M A R B Y J O H N
EASTWOOD AND HIGH SCHOOL ENGLISH GRAMMAR
A N D C O M P O S I T I O N B Y W R E N M A RT I N
CONTENT
1.FORMS OF VERB
2.INTRODUCTION TO TENSE
3.PAST SIMPLE-ACTION
4.PAST SIMPLE-STATE
5.PAST CONTINUOUS/PROGRESSIVE
6.PAST PERFECT
7.PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS/PROGRESSIVE
 ALL TENSES
SIMPLE CONTINUOUS PERFECT PERFECT
CONTINUOUS
1. PRESENT PRESENT PRESENT PRESENT PRESENT
SIMPLE CONTINUOUS PERFECT PERFECT
CONTINUOUS
2. PAST PAST SIMPLE PAST PAST PERFECT PAST PERFECT
CONTINUOUS CONTINUOUS
3. FUTURE FUTURE FUTURE FUTURE FUTURE
SIMPLE CONTINUOUS PERFECT PERFECT
CONTINUOUS
FORMS OF VERB
PRESENT/BFV PAST PAST PARTICIPLE PRESENT PART
1ST FORM 2ND FORM 3RD FORM 4TH FORM
Act Acted Acted Acting
Announce Announced Announced Announcing
Accept Accepted Accepted Accepting
Attend Attended Attended Attending
Arrest Arrested Arrested Arresting
Antagonize Antagonized Antagonized Antagonizing
Admit Admitted Admitted Admitting
Bury Buried Buried Burying
Clear Cleared Cleared Clearing
Complete Completed Completed Completing
Develop Developed Developed Developing
Discuss Discussed Discussed Discussing
Earn Earned Earned Earning
Help Helped Helped Helping
 PAST SIMPLE-SHORTER
ACTION
DEFINITION
Past simple is used to express the action which began in past and completed in past.
We use the past simple for something in the past which is finished. The past simple refers to a
shorter action or event that happened in the middle of the longer action.
Examples:
STRUCTURE
1. I did not brush my teeth last day.
AFFIRMATIVE: SUBJECT + 2nd FORM +
2. Ali went to the college on Monday. OBJECT/ADVERBIAL
3. Ammad worked as a teacher.
4. She sang very well.
5. He woke up late yesterday.
6. I received his letter a week ago.
7. She left school last year.
 PAST SIMPLE-STATE OR
TO BE
DEFINITION
It is used for condition, relation, sickness and characteristics of person in past
time.
STRUCTURE
Examples:
AFFIRMATIVE: SUBJECT + S.V +
1. She was the student of this class. ADJ/NOUN
2. He was my friend.
3. You were not sick today you should have joined
class.
4. Ali was very intelligent student in SUBJECT AUXILIARY
VERB
this class. I/HE/SHE/IT OR ANY NAME WAS
WE/YOU/THEY OR PLURAL NAME WERE
 PAST CONTINUOUS
DEFINITION
Past continuous is used to express an action which was happening around a
particular past time or an action which was in the middle of an action. Past
progressive refers to the longer ‘background’ of action or situation.
Examples:
1. He was learning to make sentences.
STRUCTURE
2. They were watching an interesting series.
AFFIRMATIVE: SUBJECT + A.V + ING
3. He was not responding at the moment. FORM + OBJECT/ADVERBIAL
4. It was raining outside.
PAST CONTINUOUS IS OFTEN USED WITH THE SIMPLE PAST.
1. The phone bell rang while I was having dinner.
SUBJECT AUXILIARY
2. When I was walking down the road I VERB
saw Bill. I/HE/SHE/IT OR ANY NAME WAS
WE/YOU/THEY OR PLURAL NAME WERE
 PAST PERFECT
DEFINITION
The basic meaning of past perfect is ‘earlier past’ or past perfect is used to express an action
which completed up-to(earlier) the past time.
COMPLETE UPTO THE PAST TIME
Examples: STRUCTURE
1. He had learned to make sentences. AFFIRMATIVE: SUBJECT + A.V + 3RD
FORM + OBJECT/ADVERBIAL
2. They had watched a really interesting series.
3. He had not responded on his request.
4. My elder sister had stayed in our house.
Usually past perfect is used with past simple.
5. When I saw outside from the window It had rained outside.
SUBJECT AUXILIARY VERB
6. As he asked me I had already done the job.
I/WE/YOU/THEY OR PLURAL
7. When they entered we had already NAME HAD
HE/SHE/IT OR ANY NAME
restricted them to enter.
PAST PERFECT
CONTINUOUS
DEFINITION
Past perfect continuous is used to express an action which had continued up to past
moment. Or past perfect continuous is used for an action that began before a certain
point in the past and continued up to that time.
SUBJECT AUXILIARY VERB
I/WE/YOU/THEY OR
PLURAL NAME HAD BEEN
HE/SHE/IT OR ANY
NAME

STRUCTURE
AFFIRMATIVE: SUBJECT + A.V + ING
FORM + OBJECT/ADVERBIAL +
SINCE/FOR + TIME INTIMATION
Structure:
STRUCTURE
AFFIRMATIVE: SUBJECT + A.V + ING FORM + OBJECT/ADVERBIAL +
SINCE/FOR + TIME INTIMATION

NEGATIVE: SUBJECT + A.V + NOT + ING FORM + OBJECT/ADVERBIAL +

SINCE/FOR + TIME INTIMATION

INTERROGATIVE: A.V + SUBJECT + ING FORM + OBJECT/ADVERBIAL +

SINCE/FOR + TIME INTIMATION
 Examples:
1. At that time, he had been learning to drive a car for 2 months.
2. At that time, he had not been learning to drive a car for 2 months.
3. Principal had been responding on his request since he submitted.
4. Principal had not been responding on his request since he submitted.
5. It had been raining outside for two hours.
6. It had not been raining outside for two hours.
7. My elder sister had been living in our house since January-2020.
8. My elder sister had not been living in our house since January-2020.
9. I had been working there for 15 years.
10. I had not been working there for 15 years.
THANK
YOU