RESEARCH

PROBLEM
AND
OBJECTIVES
THE
RESEARC
H
REPORTED BY: Cablaida,
Iryll Levi
 DEFINITION:
 Research problem is a form of question that
researcher wants to answer or a problem that a
researcher wants to solve, requires a solution
to be described, explained, or predicted.
 It must be stated vividly and explicitly
express.
 It should respond to the economic recovery
 Five(5) factors:
 The problem is existing in the locality or country but
no known solution to the problem.
 The solution can be answered by using statistical
method and techniques.
 There are probably solution but not yet tested.
 The occurrence of phenomena requires scientific
investigation.
 Serious needs/problems of the people where it
 EXAMPLE: Experimental Research
Problem
“Yield of Tomatoes Planted in Pots using Night Soil and
Chicken Dung as Fertilizer”
The specific Problem are:
1. What is the yield of tomatoes planted in pots using
night soil and chicken dung as fertilizer?
2. Which of the fertilizers, night soil or chicken dung, is
more effective in planting tomatoes in pots?
3. Is there a significant difference on the yield of
tomatoes planted in pots using night soil and chicken
 EXAMPLE: Descriptive Research
Problem
“Educational Qualification and Performance of Teachers in the
City and Province of Iloilo Philippines”
The specific Problem are:
1. What is the mean educational qualification of teachers in the
city and province of Iloilo, Philippines?
2. What is the mean performance of the teachers in the city and
province of Iloilo, Philippines?
3. Is there a significant difference on the educational
qualification and performance of teachers in the city and
province of Iloilo, Philippines, when they are classified as to
age, gender, civil status, experience and academic rank?
CHARACTERI
STIC OF A
RESEARCH
PROBLEM
Realistic
 SPECIFIC
 The problem should be
specifically stated.
 Clear about what, who, where,
when, and how the situation will
be changed.
 MEASURABLE
 Able to quantify the targets and
benefits.
 Measured by using research
instruments, apparatus, or
equipment.
 ACHIEVABLE
 Able to attain the objectives.
 Using correct statistical tools to
arrive at precise results.
Realistic
REALISTIC
 Gathered scientifically and not
manipulated.
 Based on factual evidence.
 TIME-BOUND
 Stating the time period in which
they will each be accomplished.
 Time frame is required.
SOURCES OF
A RESEARCH
PROBLEM REPORTED BY:
Chavez, Apple
 Researcher

o Specialization of the research is

an impetus toward research.
 2. Current and Past Researches
o Current and past researcher are rich
sources of research problem even for
research or equipment. But for descriptive
research the instrument such as questioner
or test are administered to diff. group of
subject and area in order to compare the
similarities and differences of finding.
3. Recommendations from Theses, Dissertations, and
Research Journals.

o The researchers of the said

theses, disertaion and research
journals recommend for future
researcher to be conducted as
source also of research problem.
4. Original and Creative ideas of the Researcher based on
the problems met in the locality and country.

o For instance the problem met in the

locality and country are fish waste
pollution, Food insecurity and
poverty.
CRITERIA OF A
GOOD RESEARCH
PROBLEM/OBJECTIV
ES REPORTED BY: Frias,
Lorraine
 1. Interesting
• An interesting research problem
attracts the attention of the researcher
and other people to conduct the
research project even without
incentive of research grant at all.
 2. Innovative
• Though replicability in conducting
research is allowed, it s advisable that a
research that a research problem is
something novel, original, and unique to
attract the attention of the people and
contribute to the economic development of
the country.
 3. Cost-efficient
 A good research problem should
provide a good value for money, time,
resources, and manpower while
conducting the study. It should be
economical in addressing the
problems of the community.
4. Relevant to the needs and problem of
the people
Researchers must keep in mind
that they conduct research not for
their personal aggrandizement but
to solve the needs and problems of
the people.
 5. Relevant to Government’s
thrusts.
 A research problem must respond to the
government's thrusts. For Instance, government's
thrust is on "waste management" or "War on Wastes."
An investigator will conduct a study to fight against
waste.
 For instance, government's thrust is on "waste
management" or "War on Wastes"
 "Utilization of Fish Wastes from Goatfish Tapa,
Canned Sardines, and Boneless Siganid into
 6. Measurable and time-bound
 A good research problem is
measurable by using research
instruments, apparatus or equipment,
as well as statistical tools to arrive at
scientific and meaningful results.
RESEARCH
OBJECTIVES
REPORTED BY: Cablaida,
Iryll Levi
• It is a statement of purpose because this is the
guide to be accomplishes by the researcher in
conducting his research project.
• Has the same characteristics, SMART, with
research problem.
•Describe what we expect to achieve by a project.
 COMPARISON:
INSTRUCTIONAL
OBJECTIVES RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
 Expressed in three domains  Expressed in a simple
of behavior: language that anyone can
- cognitive understand and directed as
much to the client as to the
- psychomotor researcher.
- affective  For every activity to be
 Time frame is at the end of done, time frame is required.
the period.
STATEMENT OF
RESEARCH
PROBLEM/OBJECTI
VES REPORTED BY: Salivio,
Ma. Rosally
 Research problem and research
objectives have the same
characteristic (SMART) but they
differ in form because the former is
stated in interrogative or question
form and the latter, in declarative form
EXPERIMEN
TAL
RESEARCH
 RESEARCH TITLE

"CULTIVATION OF EUCHEUMA
IN MUNICIPAL WATERS OF
ESTANCIA, ILOILO,
PHILIPPINES USING LANTAY
AND HANGING METHODS"
 STATEMENT OF RESEARCH
PROBLEM
The main problem of this study is to cultivate Eucheuma in
municipal waters of Estancia, Iloilo, Philippines using
lantay and hanging methods. Specially, it attempts to
answer the following questions:
1. What is the mean weight increment of Eucheuma
cultured in municipal waters of Estancia, Iloilo,
Philippines, using lantay and hanging methods?
2. What is the mean temperature, pH, and oxygen of
Eucheuma cultured in municipal waters of Estancia, Iloilo,
3. Which of the methods, lantay or hanging, is more effective
in cultivating Eucheuma in municipal waters of Estancia, Iloilo,
Philippines?
4. Is there a significant mean difference on the weight
increment of Eucheuma cultured in municipal waters of
Estancia, Iloilo, Philippines?
5. Is there a significant mean difference on the temperature,
pH, and oxygen of Eucheuma cultured in municipal waters of
Estancia, Iloilo, Philippines using lantay and hanging methods?
 STATEMENT OF
RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
The main purpose of this study is to cultivate Eucheuma in
municipal waters of Estancia, Iloilo, Philippines, using
lantay and hanging methods. Specially, it attempts to
answer the following research objectives:
1. To determine the mean weight increment of Eucheuma
cultured in municipal waters of Estancia, Iloilo, Philippines
using lantay and hanging methods.
2. To find out the mean temperature, pH, and oxygen of
Eucheuma cultured in municipal waters of Estancia, Iloilo,
3. To identify which of the methods, lantay or hanging,
is more effective in cultivating Eucheuma in municipal
waters of Estancia, Iloilo, Philippines.
4. T o determine if there is significant mean difference on
the weight increment of Eucheuma cultured in municipal
waters of Estancia, Iloilo, Philippines.
5. To find out if there is significant mean difference on
the temperature, pH, and oxygen of Eucheuma cultured in
municipal waters of Estancia, Iloilo, Philippines using
DESCRIPT
IVE
RESEARC
H
 RESEARCH TITLE
"CORRELATION BETWEEN JOB-
RELATED PROBLEMS AND JOB
PERFORMANCE OF STAFF NURSES
IN PRIVATE AND GOVERNMENT
HOSPITAL IN THE CITY AND
PROVINCE OF ILOILO, PHILIPPINES,"
 STATEMENT OF RESEARCH
PROBLEM
The main problem of the study is to correlate between job-
related problems and job performance of staff nurses in private
and government hospitals in the city and province of Iloilo,
Philippines. Specially it attempts to answer the following
questions:
1. What is the extent of seriousness of job-related problems
as perceived by staff nurses in the city and province of Iloilo,
Philippines in relation to: (a) administration of top
management, (b) administration of middle management, (c)
administration of lower management, (d) communication, (e)
2. What is the mean job performance of staff nurses in private and
government hospitals in the city and province of Iloilo, Philippines?
3. What is the correlation between job-related problems and job
performance of staff nurses in private and government hospitals in
the city and province of Iloilo, Philippines?
4. I s there a significant difference on job-related problems as
perceived by staff nurses in private and government hospitals in the
city and province of Iloilo in relation to: (a) administration of top
management, (b) administration of middle management, (c)
administration of lower management, (d) communication, (e)
financial condition, (f) hospital facilities, and (g) job hazard when
 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
The main purpose of this study is to correlate between job-
related problems and job performance of staff nurses in the
city and province of Iloilo, Philippines. Specially, it
attempts to answer the following objectives:
1. To determine the extent of seriousness of job-related
problems as perceived by staff nurses in the city and
province of Iloilo, Philippines in relation to; (a)
administration of top management, (b) administration of
middle management, (c) administration of lower
management, (d) communication, (e) financial condition,
2. To find out the mean job performance of staff nurses in the city
and province of Iloilo, Philippines.
3. To correlate between job-related problems and job performance
of staff nurses in the city and province of Iloilo, Philippines.
4. To test the significant between job-related problems as
perceived by the staff nurses in the city and province of Iloilo,
Philippines in relation to (a) administration of top management,
(b) administration of middle management, (c) administration of
lower management, (d) communication, (e) financial condition,
(f) hospital facilities, and (g) job hazard when classified as a
THE HYPOTHESIS
REPORTED BY:
Ligaya, Jerald
A Hypothesis is defined as a wise guess that is
formulated and temporarily adopted to explain
the observed facts covered by the study. A
Hypothesis guides the researcher in that it
describes the procedures to follow in
conducting the study. Hypothesis is important
for it tells the researchers what to do and how to
go about solving a researcher problem. The
 TYPES OF
HYPOTHESIS
THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF
HYPOTHESIS. These are 1 null
Hypothesis (Ho)and alternative
Hypothesis (H1). These hypotheses are
stated in declarative sentence form and
are always based from the specific
problems or objectives.
 (Ho)
 The null (Ho) is a denial of an
existence of a trait, Characteristics,
quality, value, correlation or
difference of the result.
NULL HYPOTHESIS (Ho) is
always stated in negative form
 HYPOTHESIS (H1)
 Is the opposite extreme of the null
Hypothesis because the former is
stated in positive form.
ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS (H1)
is an affirmation of the existence of
observed PHENOMENA.
THEORITICAL AND
CONCEPTUAL
FRAMEWORK REPORTED BY:
Bornasal, Lester
ASSUMPTION
REPORTED BY:
Villacora, Novelyn
SIGNIFICANC
E OF THE
STUDY
SCOPE AND
LIMITATION
OF THE STUDY
REPORTED BY:
Mojica, April Jane
 Scope and limitations of the study is an
important section of a thesis, dissertation,
and research paper. This includes the
coverage of the study area, the subjects, the
research apparatus, equipment or
instrument, the research issues and
concerns, the duration of the study, and the
constraints and have direct bearing on the
DEFINITION
OF TERMS
1. Conceptual definition. The definition of terms
are based on concepts or hypothetic ones
which are usually taken from dictionary,
encyclopedia, and published journals.
2. Operational definition. The definition of
terms are based on observable characteristics
and how it is used in the study.
THANK YOU!