Global Positioning

System

Presented by:
Prateek Rastogi
(05IT6013)
 What is GPS?
Global Positioning
System.
System to Identify the
Position on Globe.
 Network Of Satellites.
 Segments Of GPS
 The Space Segment

 The Control Segment

 The User Segment

 The Space Segment
Consists of 24 satellites in 6 orbits.
Each satellites transmits low powered radio
signals.
GPS Satellite
Name : NAVSTAR
Altitude : 11,000 miles
Inclination : 55 Deg to the Equator
Weight : 863 Kg(in orbit)
Orbital Period :12 hrs
 The Control Segment
A Master Control Station
Unmanned Monitor Stations
Large Ground-antenna Stations
 The User Segment
Users-Military and Civilians

GPS Receivers
Decodes the signals from Satellites.
Calculate the distance.
 Modes of Operation
Standard Positioning System HA=100m
Data Transmitted on L1 Frequency VA=156m
For civil users TA=340ns
Accuracy is degraded

Precise Positioning System HA=22m

Data Transmitted on L1 and L2 Frequencies VA=27.7m

For Military users TA=200ns

Highly Accurate
 Signals from GPS
Coarse/Acquisition- To determine Pseudo range
1023 bit long
1.023Mega-bits per sec

P Code
2.3547*10^14 bit long
10.23 Mega-bits per sec

Navigation Massage
Working Of GPS
 How User Segment
calculates the position?
Calculation of Position
 Satellites Location
Almanac data
Ephemeris

 Time is the essence

Velocity * Time=distance
Determination of Position
Trilateration
 Sources of Errors
Ionosphere Delays
Troposphere Delays
Clock Error
Multi-path Error
Relativity Error
 Correction of Errors
Error Modeling
Mathematical Model

Data Frequency Measurement

Compare the Delays of L1 and L2
 Applications
Industry
Agriculture
Mapping & GIS Data Collection
Public safety
Surveying
Telecommunication
Application Contd…..
Military
Intelligence & Target Location
Navigation
Weapon Aiming &Guidance

Transportation
Aviation
Fleet Tracking
Marine
 Application Contd…
Science
Archaeology
Atmospheric Science
Environmental
 Geology & Geophysics
Oceanography
Wildlife
 References
www.trimble.com
GPS primer “A Student Guide”(Aerospace
Corporation)
An Introduction – Global Positioning system
S. K. Upadhyaya, G. S. Pettygrove, J.W. Oliveira, B. R. Jahn1

 GPS Guide for Beginners(GARMIN

Corporation)