Superposition

Theorem
Chapter 1
Superposition Theorem states
that…

• For a linear system,

• The voltage or current in any branch of a

bilateral linear circuit
• having more than one independent source
• equals the algebraic sum of the voltage or
current caused by each independent source.

• It is applicable when there are multiple

sources in a circuit
Example Illustration:

CASE-I

Both 1.5 Volt batteries.

Current through R=1Ω
I=1.2A

CASE-II

Replace Left side battery by a short

circuit
Current flowing through R=1Ω
I’=0.6A

CASE-III

Replace right side battery by a

short circuit
Current flowing through R=1Ω
I’’=0.6A
1.2 = 0.6 + 0.6
Conclusion: i.e. I = I’ + I’’
Concept of Internal
Resistance
Internal Resistance of Voltage source is R=0
 Short Circuit

Internal Resistance of Current source is R=∞

 Open Circuit
Find current flowing through
R4 , i.e. I4
Ex.1
Con’t
Cont’d
Cont’d
Cont’d