LAW OF CLOSURE

What is Law of Closure?

The Law of Closure is an excellent Gestalt psychology

principle that artists can incorporate into their art to create
unity. It works hand-in-hand with the Law of Continuity,
and plays off of simple geometric shapes like the circle,
square, or triangle. It also works with familiar symbols,
and lighting techniques like chiaroscuro.
What if we went even further?
We can take things a step further and view these random
shapes organized in a way to create another familiar
shape. On the left, we see nothing that resembles
familiarity, but when the shapes are reorganized to
incorporate the Law of Closure, we get the familiar panda
from the “Panda Express” logo. Cool right!?
Let’s apply the Law of Closure to a painting now, and see
what we get.

In the Peter Paul Rubens painting below, we have tons of

movement and unity. This master painter, from centuries
ago, completely understood all of the Gestalt psychology
principles and utilized them to control the visual
perception of his masterpiece.

Want to know how Rubens did it? Want me to reveal his

secret magic trick and show you his hidden design
 Here you
go!
Rubens used ellipses, which adhere to the Law of Closure, to create
unity and movement. See how the mind fills the gaps? This technique
is hidden, but so powerful! The viewer can feel the impact of the added
unity and movement, but they’ll never be able to identify what is
causing it. Sneaky Rubens, reeeeeal sneaky!

The Law of Closure is such a powerful technique, and knowledge of

how to incorporate it in art is what separates the mediocre artists from
the elite.
HISTORY OF DATA
COMMUNICATION
DATA COMMUNICATIONS

 IS THE PROCESS OF
TRANSFERRING DIGITAL
INFORMATION (USUALLY IN
BINARY FORM) BETWEEN
TWO OR MORE POINTS.
 HISTORY OF DATA
1837 COMMUNICATION

WITH THE TELEGRAPH,

DOTS AND DASHES ARE
TRANSMITTED ACROSS A
SAMUEL F.B. WIRE THROUGH
MORSE. ELECTROMECHANICAL
 HISTORY OF DATA
1840 COMMUNICATION
ORIGINALLY, THE FIRST TELEGRAPH
WAS INVENTED BY SIR CHARLES
WHEATSTONE AND SIR WILLIAM COOKE.
IN 1840, MORSE SECURED AN AMERICAN
PATENT FOR THE TELEGRAPH
 HISTORY OF DATA
1844 COMMUNICATION
THE FIRST TELEGRAPH LINE WAS
ESTABLISHED BETWEEN BALTIMORE
AND WASHINGTON, D.C.
 HISTORY OF DATA
1849 COMMUNICATION
THE FIRST SLOW-SPEED TELEGRAPH
PRINTER WAS INVENTED IN 1849, BUT UT
WAS NOT UNTIL 1860 THAT HIGH-SPEED
(15 BPS) ORINTERS WERE AVAILABLE.
 HISTORY OF DATA
1850 COMMUNICATION
THE WESTERN UNION TELEGRAPH
COMPANY WAS FORMED IN ROCHESTER,
NEW YORK FOR THE PURPOSE OF
CARRYING CODED MESSAGES FROM
ONE PERSON TO ANOTHER.
 HISTORY OF DATA
1874 COMMUNICATION
ÉMILE BAUDOT INVENTED A
TELEGRAPH MULTPLEXER, WHICH
ALLOWED SIGNALS FROM UP TO 6
TELEGRAPH MACHINE TO BE
TRANSMITTED SIMUTANEOUSLY OVER A
SINGLE WIRE.
 HISTORY OF DATA
1876 COMMUNICATION
THE TELEPHONE WAS INVENTED BY
ALEXANDER GRAMA BELL.
 HISTORY OF DATA
1899 COMMUNICATION
GUGLIELMO MARCONI SUCCEEDED IN
SENDING RADIO TELEGRAPH MESSAGES.
 HISTORY OF DATA
1920 COMMUNICATION
THE FIRST COMMERCIAL RADIO STATION
WERE INSTALLED, ALLOWING THE
TRANSMISSION OF INFORMATION
ACROSS LARGE SPANS OF WATER.
 HISTORY OF DATA
1940 COMMUNICATION

BELL LABORATORIES DEVELOPED THE FIRST

SPECIAL-PURPOSE COMPUTER USING
ELECTROMECHANICAL RELAY.
 HISTORY OF DATA
1951 COMMUNICATION
BUILT BY THE REMINGTON RAND
CORPORATION, THE UNIVAC COMPUTER
WAS THE FIRST MASS-PRODUCED
ELECTRONIC COMPUTER.
 HISTORY OF DATA
1968 COMMUNICATION
UNTIL 1968, THE AT&T OPERATING
TARIFF ALLOWED ONLY EQUIPTMENT
FURNISHED BY AT&T TO BE CONNECTED
TO AT&T LINES
 HISTORY OF DATA
COMMUNICATION

A LANDMARK SUPREME COURT DECISION

THE CARTERFONE DECISION (1968),
ALLOWED NON-BELL COMPONIES TO
INTERCONNECT TO THE VAST AT&T
COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK. THIS
DECISION STARTED THE INTERCONNECT
INDUSTRY, WHICH HAS LED TO
COMPETITIVE DATA COMMUNICATIONS
OFFERINGS BY A LARGE NUMBER OF
THANK YOU
BY:
Kate Anguluan
Angelie Selle Garingan
Daniel Jimenez