EDU732 Ethics, Leadership and Counseling

Summer Course
Lecture: WEEK 7 Lecture 2
STYLES OF EDUCATIONAL LEADERSHIP
Leadership Styles in Education

 Different styles of leadership commonly practiced are –

1. Hierarchical
2. Transformational
3. Facilitative
4. Instructional
5. Administrative
 Hierarchical Leadership
 Based on traditional method of education
 Emphasizes on a top-down approach with formal authority
 Has little scope for participatory analysis
 Administrative head carries out all duties of a planner, supervisor,
analyst, resource provider etc
 Has major emphasis on efficiency, control and routines.
 Transformational Leadership
 Fosters a sense of purpose and meaning to unite people for a better cause
 Is based on working together to put in place mechanism that will reap
immediate benefits and benefits for the future.
 Is ideal for helping teachers, students, parents, faculty and communities
grasp a new vision and be led and motivated.
 Through communication gets the masses on board with a unified vision and
helps people see the benefits of outcomes through change.
 Idealized Influence Factor
• This describes leaders who act as strong role models for followers
which followers identify with and want very much to emulate them.
• These leaders have very high standards of moral & ethical conduct and
can be counted on to do the right thing.
• They are deeply respected by followers
• Followers place a great deal of trust in them
• They ‘walk the talk’
• Leaders communicate high expectations to followers.
• They show belief in the subordinates’ ability to perform at a high level

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 Intellectual Stimulation Factor
• This factor includes leadership that stimulates followers to
be creative and innovative.
• This is a leader who supports followers as they try new
approaches and develop new approaches to solving
organizational issues.
• This factor encourages ‘out of the box’ thinking
• This a leader that look at ways of making the task challenging
and interesting.

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 Transformational Leadership Results

Transformational leadership results in subordinates that are :

• Highly engaged
• Eager to learners
• Willing to make extra-over effort
• Highly satisfied with the leader
• Highly satisfied with the leader-subordinate dynamic

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 Facilitative Leadership
 Does not adhere to the traditional top-down hierarchical structure
 Uses a collective approach to decision-making that solicits the input and
opinions of others so that the best overall improvements can be made.
 Is interested in involving others, which is a positive leadership trait in the
education field
 Encourages innovation and independence from teachers and other school
administrators.
 Involves collective decision-making
 Allows leaders to understand the needs of students, classrooms and
communities.
 Instructional Leadership
 Concerned with improving curriculum, monitoring student behaviors in the
classroom, evaluating student test scores, improving the work of teachers
and closely supervising school academic progress goals.

 These leaders work closely with teachers to identify weak areas that need
improving, and to develop classroom standards of student behaviors and
academic standing.

 This style of leadership is often employed in schools that have fallen behind
academically or are experiencing behavioral problems among the students.
 Administrative Leadership
 Focusses on administrative policy, bureaucracy, accountability
and school procedures.

 Does not typically concentrate enough on student and teacher

well-being.

 Is less invested in personal relationships and are more concerned

with following rules and maintaining order.
 Other Types of Leadership Styles
 Autocratic leadership
 Bureaucratic leadership
 Charismatic leadership
 Democratic leadership.
 Laissez-faire leadership
 Autocratic Leadership

 The autocratic leader retains all power, authority, and control, and reserves the right to make all
decisions.
 Autocratic leaders distrust their subordinate’s ability, and closely supervise and control people under
them.
 Autocratic leaders involve themselves in detailed day-to-day activities, and rarely delegate or
empower subordinates.
 The autocratic leader adopts one-way communication. They do not consult with subordinates or give
them a chance to provide their opinions, no matter the potential benefit of such inputs.
 Autocratic leadership assumes that employee motivation comes not through empowerment, but by
creating a structured set of rewards and punishments.
 Autocratic leaders get work done by issuing threats and punishments and evoking fear.
 The primary concern of autocratic leaders remains dealing with the work at hand and not on
developmental activities.
 Autocratic leaders assume full responsibility and take full credit for the work.
 Other Leadership Styles
Bureaucratic Leadership
 Is all about following rules and
regulations.
 Leaders make sure they adhere
to the rules themselves and
their staff follows suit.
Charismatic leadership
 Charismatic leaders are the
driving force behind their
teams.
 They generate a lot of
enthusiasm in the team by
inspiring employees and
helping them stay motivated at
work.
 Other Leadership Styles
Democratic Leadership
 invites the opinions of team
members involving key
decisions that need to be made.
 This increases job satisfaction
Subordinates feel they are a part
of the decision-making process
 Increases overall employee
motivation as their ideas are
valued
‘Laissez-faire’ Leadership
 A French phrase meaning
“leave it be,”
 Laissez-faire leaders give their
team all the freedom they need
to work on their own.
 This can be effective when
there is a solid channel of
communication between the
leader and members of the
team.
 Education in the 21st Century
 Digital Natives – today’s students are immersed in technology
 Young people use electronic media more than 6 hours a day on average.
 Henry J. Kaiser Foundation
 Schools are now known as nerve centers
 Classrooms are technology-rich
 Teachers are facilitators rather than the providers of information
 Text Book driven and teacher-centered teaching is taken over by project
based student centered learning
 21st Century Educational Leaders

 Are Change Agents and Change Advocates

 Welcome and value diversity. They are compassionate,
responsible Global Citizens
 Develop a 21st Century Mindset.
 Are learners.
 are connected with the world. They …
 Develop fluency with digital and social media
 21st Century Educational Leaders
 Are visionary. They want the world to be a better place, They want
to make a difference
 Are emotionally intelligent. They lead from the heart, align vision
with passion and unite people
 Use a distributed leadership model and empower others
 Master self-leadership. They are driven by purpose, not ego,
power or money
 Embrace change and innovation. They see opportunities and
possibilities in everything
 Ethical/Moral Leadership

What is ethical leadership?

 Ethical leadership is leadership that is involved in leading in a manner that
respects the rights and dignity of others.
 Ethical Leaders-
 Focuses on how leaders use their social power in the decisions they make,
actions they engage in and ways they influence others
 Demonstrate a level of integrity that is important for stimulating a sense of
leader trustworthiness
 Set the example for others
The Challenges facing School Leaders

 Ensuring consistently good teaching and learning;

 Integrating a sound grasp of basic knowledge and skills within a broad and
balanced curriculum;
 Managing behaviour and attendance;
 Strategically managing resources and the environment;
 Building the school as a professional learning community;
 Developing partnerships beyond the school to encourage parental support for
learning and new learning opportunities.
 Think about this ……….
“Outstanding leaders go out of their way to boost the self esteem of
their personnel. If people believe in themselves, it’s amazing what
they can accomplish.” – Sam Walton

“Outstanding teachers change student lives” – Jim Pounder

They do this by modelling behaviour in the classroom

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 THOUGHT FOR THE DAY

I can't change the direction of the wind, but I can adjust my

sails to always reach my destination.
--Jimmy Dean

 References

 https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED542901
 https://thinkstrategicforschools.com/9-essential-21st-century-leadership-skills
 OECD (2008) Improving school leadership: executive summaries. Brussels: OECD.
 Sergiovanni, T. (2001) Leadership: what’s in it for schools? London: Routledge Falmer.