BENGAL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND

TECHNOLOGY
SMART ENGINEERING PROJECT
PV Based Street Light with LDR
Presented By:-
NABEEL KHAN – 12500319044
NAYAN KUMAR PRABHAT – 125003190
JUHI KHAN – 203055001
NARENDRA NATH RAJAK - 12500319012
We would like to Thank our Subject
Faculty Mr. Tanmoy Bose and our HOD
Dr. V.P Roy sir for helping us out in this
topic to make it successful .

-Thank you Sir

 CONTENTS

1. OBJECTIVE 2. INTRODUCTION
3. SOLAR ENERGY TECHNOLOGY 4. LIGHT TO ENERGY
CONVERSION
5. SOLAR PV SYSTEM 6. OFF-GRID SOLAR PV SYSTEM
7. BLOCK DIAGRAM 8. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
9. OPERATION 10. WORKING PRINCIPLE
11. COMPONENTS 12. PHOTOGRAPHS
13. ADVANTAGES 14. APPLICATIONS
15. CONCLUSION 16. REFERENCES
OBJECTIVE

• Promote to access green energy sources.

• Provide more energy security.
• Design of low cost solar street lamp.
• Implementation of street lamp in scarcely electrified area.
• Reduce electricity bills.
• Create employability etc.
 INTRODUCTION

• Many of the people have a phobia of darkness so that to assist them

in such situation we have explained simple circuit.
• It will turn on the street light in the way of LEDs or BLUBs.
• Working with this circuit is very much easy and also the power
consumed by the circuit is very low because of the few components
used in this circuit.
• As it is a low cost project, so anyone can implement it in their areas to
use.
 Solar Energy Technology
 Sunlight /Light is a portion of electromagnetic
radiation given off by the sun, in particular infrared,
visible, and ultraviolet light.
 It radiates both light( photon) and heat. So mainly
there are two types of solar energy :- Solar PV and
Solar Thermal system.
 A solar cell, or photovoltaic cell, is an electrical
device that converts the energy of light directly into
electricity by the photovoltaic effect (i.e. EM effect),
which is a physical and chemical phenomenon.
 A Solar PV cell is the most basic unit of a solar PV
system.
 LIGHT TO ENERGY CONVERSION
 Sunlight can be converted into
electricity by exciting electrons in
a solar cell.
 The absorption of light,
generating either electron-hole
pairs or exactions.
 The separation of charge carriers
of opposite types.
 The separate extraction of those
carriers to an external circuit.
Solar PV System
Solar PV system consists of - Solar panel, Controller/Inverter,
Battery and Electrical appliances.
 PV Modules: Converts sunlight into DC electricity.
 Solar Charge Controller: Regulates the voltage and current
coming from the PV panels going to battery and prevents battery
overcharging and prolongs the battery life.
 Inverter: Converts DC output of PV panels into a clean AC
current for AC appliances or fed back into grid line.
 Battery: Stores energy for supplying to electrical appliances
when there is a demand.
There are two types of PV system :-

We are working on Solar OFF-GRID stand alone system.

 OFF Grid Solar PV System
 These self-sustainable systems can work independently and
do not rely on the grid.
 They generate enough power that can be stored and used at
night or when the power grid is down.
 These are ideal for remote areas where there is no power
access from the grid.
 Grid failures and shutdowns will not affect your power
supply.
Block Diagram
Circuit Diagram
 Operation
 When sunlight fall on the solar panel, it produces electricity (DC) at
output.
 Solar panel output will be connected to the battery through a
connector and it will store the energy in the battery.
 Battery will be connected with an indicator and a resistor to show
whether it is charging or not.
 LED light is connected through a diode to convert light energy to
electrical energy.
 A switch will be implemented in between the circuit to make it on and
off.
Working Principle
 A solar street lamp also known as solar street light or
solar lanterns, is a lighting system.
 When the sun rays falls over the solar panel, it gains the
energy supplied to store the energy in battery and when
the switch is ON, the bulbs are lights up to give lights.
 It is composed of a LED light, solar panels, battery, etc.
 The street lamp operates on electricity from solar battery.
 It will be either charged through the use of solar panel
(DC) or electric supply (AC).
 Components
 RESISTOR 220Ω :-
 A Resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical component.
 That implements electrical resistance as a circuit element.
 Used to reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, to divide
voltages, bias active elements, and terminate transmission lines.
 The flow of current across the resistor device adjustable
 Resistors are refers to as potentiometers.

LEDs :-
•A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor light source
that emits light when current flows through it.
• Electrons in the semiconductor recombine with electron holes,
releasing energy in the form of photons.
 Components
 RECHARGEABLE BATERRY :-
• For this, we need 24V rechargeable batteries.
• Is a electrical battery which can be charged,
discharged into a load, and recharged many times, ad
opposed to a disposable or primary battery, which is
supplied fully and discarded after use.
• It is composed of one or more electrochemical cells
WIRES :-
Wires is an electrical installation of cabling and
associated devices such as switches, distribution boards,
sockets, and lights fittings in a structure.
Wiring is subject to safety standards for design and
installation.
 Components
 SOLAR PANEL (PV BASED) :-
 A Hybrid Solar Panels is being used to generate electricity from both the
sun and rain.
 The Solar Panel used to adopt energy in rainy and shinning days and
generate electricity.

 DIODE :-
• The main function of diode is to allow an electric current to pass
in one direction.
• Its called the diode’s forward direction.
• While blocking it in the opposite direction (the reverse direction).

 SWITCH :-
• The switch is an electrical device that is used to break or make
an electrical circuit manually or automatically.
• The working principle of switch depends on ON/OFF
mechanism.
photographs
photographs

Model of our project

 Advantages
 Solar Energy is free and abundant in nature.
 Solar street lamp is cost efficient and is portable.
 Clean and green form of energy is used.
 No electricity bill.
 It doesn’t required electricity to function.
 It is more economical.
 Create employability.
 It is also sustainability in nature.
 Less maintenance.
 Simple Construction.
Applications
Conclusion

 In coming days, this will prove a great boon to the country,

since it will save lot of electricity of power plant that gets
wasted in illuminating the street lights.
 As the conventional sources are depleting very fast, then
it’s time to think of alternative.
 As a conclusion, around 77%-81% of power consumption
can be reduced by using this system towards providing a
solution for energy saving.
References
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performance? Experimental evidence from Bangladesh. World Bank economic review (pp. 1–25).
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