SECTIONAL VIEWS

SECTIONAL VIEWS
Section may be defined as an imaginary cut
made through an object to expose the interior
shape.
A view in which all or a portion of the view is
sectioned is known as a sectional view.
In case of a section, some outer portion of the
object, which is obstructing the lines of sight to
see the inner details, is considered to be
removed, an orthographic view is then drawn for
the remaining portion.
With the help of sectional views inner shape is
clearly shown without any ambiguity.
For more hidden features at different positions
inside the object, a number of cutting planes may
be assumed and corresponding sectional views
may be drawn separately.
 CROSS-HATCHING
Solid metallic portions in sectional view
are shown by section-lining,
sometimes called cross-hatching.
Very fine lines are drawn at 45 deg
with the principal lines in the view at
a uniform spacing varying from 1/16-
in to 1/8-in.
For bigger portions to be cross-
hatched, spacing close to 1/8-in is
used, whereas for smaller portions,
spacing close to 1/16-in is preferable.
SECTION-LINING RULES
The correct method of drawing section lines is shown in part (a).
Draw section lines with a sharp medium-grade pencil (H or 2H).
Always draw lines at 45º with the horizontal unless there is an
advantage of using a different angles.
Space the section lines as uniformly spaced as possible by eye.
Section lines should be uniformly thin, and not varying in
thickness.
Avoid running the section lines beyond the visible outline, or
stopping the line too short.
SYMBOLS FOR BUILDING MATERIALS

In building drawing, there are a

number of different symbols to
represent various materials like
brickwork, plain cement
concrete, reinforced cement
concrete, earth filling, sand
filling, and various steel shapes,
etc.
Using these symbols in the
sectional views, we can have an
idea of the materials of
construction even if these are
not mentioned in writing.
TYPES OF SECTION
Full Section:
The sectional view obtained by
passing the cutting plane fully
through the object is called a full
section.
CUTTING PLAIN LINE:
The cutting plane line is a thick dark line which uses one of
the special patterns shown.
The cutting plane line can be left out when it is obvious where
it must lie from the appearance of the section itself.
 HALF SECTION:

If the cutting plane passes halfway through the

object, the result is a half section.
A half section has the advantage of exposing the
interior of one half of the object and retaining the
exterior of the other half. Its usefulness is however
largely limited to axially symmetrical objects.
Half sectioning is not used widely in detail
drawings because of the difficulties in dimensioning
internal shapes that are shown in part only.
BROKEN OUT SECTION:
It often happens that only a
partial section of a view is
needed to expose the interior
shapes. Such a section,
limited by a break line is
called a broken-out section.
A small broken out section is
sometimes sufficient to
explain the construction.
REVOLVED SECTION:
• The shape of the cross
section of a bar, arm, spoke,
or other elongated object
may be shown in the
longitudinal view by means
of a revolved section.
• Revolved sections are made
by assuming a plane
perpendicular to the center
line or axis of the bar, then
revolving the plane through
90º about the center axis.
REMOVED SECTION:

• In case of a removed section,

a slice of negligible thickness
is considered from inside the
object and instead of drawing
its shape on any regular
orthographic view, it is
removed to some adjacent
place and is separately drawn
there.
Serial no 1-10
Task 1: Draw sectional FV, TV and SV using first angle projection first on A4 sheet then on
AutoCAD.
Make sure hatching and dimensioning is done using 2H pencil
Serial no. 11-21
Task 2: Draw sectional FV, TV and SV using third angle projection first on A4 sheet then on
AutoCAD.
Make sure hatching and dimensioning is done using 2H pencil
Serial no 22-31
Task 3: Draw sectional FV, TV and SV using first angle projection first on A4 sheet then on
AutoCAD.
Make sure hatching and dimensioning is done using 2H pencil
Task 4: Draw sectional FV and TV using first angle projection.
Make sure hatching and dimensioning is done using 2H pencil
Task 5: Draw sectional FV and TV using first angle projection.
Make sure hatching and dimensioning is done using 2H pencil