MOLE AND MOLAR MASS OF

ELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDS

MOLAR MASS OF ELEMENTS
 Atoms and molecules are minute particles. The mole concept
allows us to count these particles and establish a standard for
reaction stoichiometry.
 It explains the properties of gases, provides universally accepted
standard for mass, and helps us to distinguish between elements
and compounds.
 In SI unit, the atomic counting unit is the mole, which comes
from a Latin word that means “heap” or “huge pile.”
 Mole (mol) is the amount of substance that contains as many
particles as there are atoms in 12 grams of Carbon -12.
 The mole equivalent to Avogadro’s number, . The number that
one mole represents is expressed as follows:
1 mol = or particles
 Such particles could be atoms (for elements), molecules (for
covalent compounds), formula units (for ionic compounds),
ions (for charged substances).
 One mole of a certain element implies two things:
1. The atomic mass expressed in grams is different for each element .
This mass is known as the molar mass of the element.
Molar mass of the element = atomic mass expressed in g/mol of
the element
2. Avogadro’s number of atoms is the same for all
elements.
1 mol C= 12. 01 g = atoms
1 mol O=16.00 g = atoms
1 mol Na= 22.99 g= atoms
1 mol Hg= 200.6 g = atoms

This means that one mole of any element is equal to

atoms.
 INTERCONVERTING MOLES, MASS, AND NUMBER OF
CHEMICAL ENTITIES
One of the reasons the mole is such a convenient unit for
laboratory work is that it allows you to calculate the mass or
number of entities of a substance in a sample if you know the
amount or number of moles of the substance. Conversely, if you
know the mass (or number of entities) of a substance, you can
calculate the number of moles. The molar mass, which expresses
the equivalent relationship between 1 mole of a substance and its
mass in grams, can be used as a conversion factor. We multiply
by the molar mass of an element or compound (M, in g/mol) to
convert a given amount (in moles) to mass (in grams):
1.What is the mass of 3. 00 mol of C? (Moles to
mass)
2. How many moles are present in 25.6 g of C?
(Mass to moles)
3.What is the mass of 1.806 x 10^24 atoms of C?
(Number of Particles to mass)
4. How many individual atoms are present in
24.8 g of C? (Mass Number to Number of
Particles)
 MOLAR MASS OF COMPOUNDS
 The formula mass (molecular mass) of a
compound is determined from the atomic mass (in
g) and the number of atoms of each element as
indicated by the chemical formula.
 The formula mass is expressed in g/mol.
 The mass of one mol ( molecules or formula units) is referred to as
the molar mass of the compound.
 The molar masses of various compounds differ, but the number of
molecules or formula units per one mole of substance remains
constant.
 In summary, you may follow the step- by- step process to get the
molar mass of compounds.
Step 1: Write down all the elements in the compound.
Step 2: Write down the number of atoms of each element in the
compound.
Step 3: Identify the atomic mass of each element, then add up the
masses.
1. What is the mass of 2.55 mol of ?
2. How many formula units of does
this amount represent?
The stoichiometry tells us what quantity of
each reactant we need in order to get
enough of our desired product. Because of
its real-life applications in chemical
engineering as well as research,
stoichiometry is one of the most important
and fundamental topics in chemistry.
QUIZ TIME!
1. Silver (Ag) is used in jewelry and tableware but no longer in U.S.
coins. How many grams of Ag are in 0.0342 mol of Ag?
2. Graphite is the crystalline form of carbon used in “lead” pencils.
How many moles of carbon are in 315 mg of graphite?
3. Iron (Fe), the main component of steel, is the most important
metal in industrial society. How many Fe atoms are in 95.8 g of
Fe?
4. Manganese (Mn) is a transition element essential for the growth
of bones. What is the mass in grams of Mn atoms, the number
found in 1 kg of bone?