ACIDS AND BASES

G6 Science - 2022
Nombre: Ms. Ing. Karen Bravo V. Correo: kbravo@abrahamlincoln.edu.pe
 INTRODUCTION

From our bodies to our Earth’s oceans and rocks, acids and
bases play an important role in our lives and the environment
around us. If you have tasted lemon juice or washed your hands
with soap, you’ve experienced acids and bases. Scientists
classify substances as acids, bases (also called alkali) or
neutral, depending on characteristics such as taste and pH.
 WHAT IS AN ACID?
• An acid is a substance that produces hydrogen (H+) ions
when it is added to water.
• A hydrogen ion is just the proton and no electron. Acids
contain at least one H (hydrogen).
• For example: HCl HNO3 H2SO4
• When we put a molecule of acid into water, it breaks apart.
The science term for this is that it dissociates.
• For example: hydrochloric acid (HCl) dissociates into
hydrogen ions (H+) and chloride anions (Cl-).
SOME COMMON
ACIDS
 Properties of an Acid

• Acids are corrosive in nature.

• These substances release hydrogen ions
(H+) when dissolved in water.
• Acids are sour in taste.
• They are good conductors of electricity.
• Their pH values are always less than 7.
• Some acids react strongly with metals 
• Turns blue litmus paper to red.
Picture from BBC Revision Bites
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ks3bitesize/science/chemistry/acid • Examples: citrus fruits, vinegar, lemons
s_bases_1.shtml
Uses of Acids
 WHAT IS A BASE?
• A base is a substance that neutralises acids.
• When bases are added to water, they split to form hydroxide
ions, written as OH-.
• We call a base that has been added to water an alkaline
solution.
• If we look at some formulas for bases, we can see that they all
contain hydroxide (OH-) ions. For example: NaOH (sodium
hydroxide), Ca(OH)2 (calcium hydroxide).
SOME COMMON
BASES
Properties of a base
• They feel soapy and slippery.
• These substances release hydroxide ions
(OH- ions) when dissolved in water.
• In their aqueous solutions, bases act as
good conductors of electricity.
• The pH values corresponding to bases are
always higher than 7.
• Bases are bitter tasting substances.
• They have the ability to turn red litmus paper
to blue.
• Examples: cleaning products,
soaps, detergents
Uses of Bases
pH SCALE
 DISSOCIATION
Dissociation: when a compound splits apart into ions in
solution. Acids and Bases are only reactive if their ions are
dissociated (when aqueous). How might these dissociate?
 Brainpop: Acids and Bases

https://www.brainpop.com/science/matterandchemistry/
acidsandbases/movie
 Worksheets
  Complete the following exercises about “Acids and Bases".
  You have to upload  the worksheets (results) to my personal chat
(Microsoft Teams)

https://www.liveworksheets.com/worksheets/en/Chemistry/Acids_and_bases
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