s

Theories on Factors
Affecting
Motivation
Module 20
 Attribution Theory

- Proposed by Fritz Heider (1958)

- A social psychology theory that deals with how individuals relate and make
sense of the social world. More specifically, it is concerned with how people
translate events around them and how their translations affect their thinking and
behavior.

- A process by which explain the cause of behavior and events

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3 Primary Dimensions
• Locus of Causality

• Stability

• Controllability
Locus of Causality
- Refer to the retrospective explanation of outcomes of
behavior.
- Dispositional vs Situational

Dispositional Attribution Situational Attribution (External)

(Internal)
Occurs when you believe a person’s
It occurs when you believe that a behavior is driven by external factors
person’s behavior is driven by
internal factors.

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Stability
- Describes whether the cause is permanent or
temporary.

- Stable vs Unstable

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Controllability
- Is the extent to which the individual can
influence it.

- Controllable vs Uncontrollable

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 Self-Efficacy Theory

- Coined by Albert Bandura (1977)

- Self-efficacy refers to an individual's belief in his or her

capacity to execute behaviors necessary to produce
specific performance attainments.

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 Self Efficacy-Enhancing Strategies:
1. Make students master the basic skills.

2. Help them make noticeable progress on difficult

tasks.

3. Communicate confidence in students’ abilities

through words and actions.

4. Expose them to successful peers.

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 Self-Determination and Self-Regulation
Theories

- Proposed by Psychologists Edward Deci and Richard Ryan

(1985)

- Refers to a person's ability to make choices and manage their own

life.

- Self-Regulation refers to a person’s ability to master himself.

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How does self-regulation to motivation?

- A student capable of self-regulation is more likely to

be more intrinsically motivated because he sets his
goals and standards, monitors his progress, and
evaluates his own performance.

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 Processes involved in
Self-Regulated Learning
Omrod (2004)

• Goal-Setting
• Planning
• Attention Control
• Application of Learning Strategies
• Self-Monitoring
• Self-Evaluation
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Thank you!