‫اــلَّهُ َّمـ الـ َس ـه َْلِإ َّالما "‬ ‫ص ْد ِري‬ ‫ب ا ْش َرحْ لِي َ‬ ‫َر ِّ‬

‫َج َع ْلتَهُـ َس ـه ًْال‪ ،‬وأ ْن َت‬ ‫َويَ ِّسرْ لِي اَ ْم ِري َواحْ لُلْ‬
‫َتـــجْ َع ُلاــل َح ْز َنإ َذا ِش ـْئ َت‬ ‫ُع ْق َدةً ِم ْن لِ َسانِي يَ ْفقَهُوا‬
‫"س ـه ًْال‬
‫َ‬ ‫قَ ْولِي‬
‫َّح ِيم‬
‫بِ ۡس ِم ٱهللِ ٱلر َّۡح َم ٰـ ِن ٱلر ِ‬
‫ِ‬
‫َّج ِيم‬‫ر‬ ‫ال‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ان‬‫َ‬ ‫ط‬‫ي‬‫ْ‬ ‫ش‬
‫َّ‬ ‫ال‬ ‫ن‬‫َ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫م‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫هلل‬ ‫ا‬‫ِ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ذ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ع‬
‫ُ‬ ‫َأ‬
‫‪Supplications‬‬
 Introduction to the Basic
Teachings of the Holy Quran
 The
Characteristics
of Believers In the light of Surah
AL-Furqan

Department of Islamic Studies,

Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities,

Riphah International University Islamabad, Pakistan

Email : life.living@riphah.edu.pk
Objectives of the lecture
To understand the Quranic description of Believers
To know about the characteristics of believers
To identify the Rights of Allah
To learn about the characteristics of Believers in social affairs

LIFE AND LIVING

Characteristics of Believers In The Light Of Surah Al-Furqan

• Humble Gait & Avoiding loose Talk

• Night Prayer
• The fear of the torment of Hell
• Two extremes in spending money
• Avoidance of Polytheism, Murder, & Adultery
• Avoidance of False Witness and Vain Things
• Response to the Verses of Allah
• Praying for pious Spouse and offspring
 Humble Gait & Avoiding Foolish Talk

 ‫طبَهُ ُم ۡال ٰج ِهلُ ۡو َن قَالُ ۡوا َس ٰل ًما‬

َ ‫ض هَ ۡونًا َّواِ َذا َخا‬
ِ ۡ
‫ر‬ َ ‫َو ِعبَا ُد الر َّۡح ٰم ِن الَّ ِذ ۡي َن يَمۡ ُش ۡو َن َعلَى ااۡل‬
The true servants of the Merciful One are those who walk on the earth
gently and when the foolish ones address them, they simply say: "Peace to
you"; [al-Furqan 25:63]

Points to Ponder:
• Servants of Allah
• Humble Gait
• Avoiding Foolish Talk
Explanation
‫( عباد الرحمن‬Servants of Rahman: Associating His mercy for the believers.)
Humble Gait
• Allah SWT says:
  ‫ال طُواًل‬ َ َ‫ض َولَ ْن تَ ْبلُ َغ ْال ِجب‬
َ ْ‫ق اَأْلر‬ َ ‫ك لَ ْن تَ ْخ ِر‬ ِ ْ‫ش فِي اَأْلر‬
َ َّ‫ض َم َرحًا ۖ ِإن‬ ِ ‫َواَل تَ ْم‬
Do not strut(walk) about in the land arrogantly. Surely you cannot cleave the earth, nor reach the heights of
the mountains in stature. (Surah Al-Isra: 37)
• "And I have not seen anyone quicker in his walking than the Messenger of Allah. )Jami` at-Tirmidhi 3648(
• When he walked, he walked energetically as if walking downhill, )Musnad Ahmad 946(
Avoiding Foolish/Foul Talk
• Allah SWT says:
ِ ‫ت ْال َح ِم‬
‫ير‬ ُ ‫ص ْو‬ َ َ‫ت ل‬ ِ ‫ك ۚ ِإ َّن َأ ْن َك َر اَأْلصْ َوا‬ َ ‫ضضْ ِم ْن‬
َ ِ‫ص ْوت‬ ِ ‫ َوا ْق‬ 
َ ِ‫ص ْد فِي َم ْشي‬
ُ ‫ك َوا ْغ‬
 Be moderate in your stride and lower your voice. Verily the most disgusting of all voices is the braying of
the donkey.” (Surah Luqman: 19)
 Night Prayer

 ‫َوالَّ ِذ ۡي َن يَبِ ۡيتُ ۡو َن لِ َربِّ ِهمۡ ُس َّج ًدا َّو ِقيَا ًما‬
;who spend the night prostrating themselves before their Lord and standing )25:64(
]al-Furqan 25:64[
Explanation

• Night Prayer ‫تـــهجد‬

• Importance of night prayer
• Allah SWT says:
ْ ‫اشَئةَ اللَّي ِْل ِه َي َأ َش ُّد َو‬
‫طًئا َوَأ ْق َو ُم قِياًل‬ ِ َ‫ِإ َّن ن‬ 
 Surely getting up at night is the best means of subduing the self and is more suitable for uprightness in
speech. (Surah Al-Muzzamil: 6)
•  “Hold tight to night prayer, for it was the way of the righteous before you, a way of drawing closer to
your Lord, an expiation for wrong deeds, and a shield from sin.” [Tirmidhi] 
 Seeking Refuge from the Torment of Hell

َ ‫اب َجهَـنَّ َم​ۖ اِ َّن َع َذابَهَا َك‬

​ۖ ‫ان َغ َرا ًما‬ َ ‫ف َعنَّا َع َذ‬ ۡ ‫اص ِر‬ۡ ‫َوالَّ ِذ ۡي َن يَقُ ۡولُ ۡو َن َربَّنَا‬
who entreat: "Our Lord! Ward off from us the chastisement of Hell, for its
.chastisement is one that clings
 ‫اِنَّهَا َسٓا َء ۡت ُم ۡستَقَ ًّرا َّو ُمقَا ًما‬
.Verily it is a wretched abode and resting place
]al-Furqan 25:65,66[
Explanation

• Importance of seeking forgiveness

• Acknowledgment of the wrath of Allah SWT
• The fear of the torment of Hell
• Praying Allah to save from hell fire
• Dua for Jannah
• Allah SWT says:
َ ‫ َو ِم ْنهُ ْم َم ْن يَقُو ُل َربَّنَا آتِنَا فِي ال ُّد ْنيَا َح َسنَةً َوفِي اآْل ِخ َر ِة َح َسنَةً َوقِنَا َع َذ‬ 
ِ َّ‫اب الن‬
‫ار‬
 Then there are others who say, "Our Lord, give us what is good in this world and also what is
good in the Hereafter and save us from the torment of Fire.“ (Surah Al-Baqrah: 102)
‫ـن الـنّار‬َ ‫ك ِم‬ َ ‫ك ال َجـنَّةَ وَأعو ُذ بِـ‬
َ ‫اللّهُـ َّم ِإنِّـي َأ ْسَألُـ‬
O Allah, I ask You for Paradise, and I seek Your protection from the Fire. (Sahih Ibn Majah
2/328.)
 Two extremes in spending money
َ ‫َوالَّ ِذ ۡي َن اِ َذ ۤا اَ ۡنفَقُ ۡوا لَمۡ ي ُۡس ِرفُ ۡوا َولَمۡ يَ ۡقتُر ُۡوا َو َك‬
َ ِ‫ان بَ ۡي َن ٰذل‬
‫ك قَ َوا ًما‬
those who are neither extravagant nor )The true servants of the Merciful One are(
;niggardly in their spending but keep the golden mean between the two
]al-Furqan 25:67[
Explanation

• Not extravagant in spending‫اـسراـف‬

• Nor niggardly spend ‫بـــخل‬
• Allah SWT says:
‫ْط فَتَ ْق ُع َد َملُو ًما َمحْ سُو ًرا‬ ْ ‫واَل تَجْ َعلْ يَ َد َك َم ْغلُولَةً ِإلَ ٰى ُعنُقِ َك َواَل تَ ْبس‬ 
ِ ‫ُطهَا ُك َّل ْالبَس‬ َ
Do not keep your hand fastened to your neck nor outspread it, altogether outspread, for you
will be left sitting rebuked, destitute. (Surah Al-Isra: 29)
• The Prophet said, "Every day two angels come down from Heaven and one of them says, 'O
Allah! Compensate every person who spends in Your Cause,' and the other (angel) says, 'O
Allah! Destroy every miser.' “ (Sahih al-Bukhari 1442)
 5- Avoidance of Polytheism, Murder, Adultery

َ ‫ك يَ ۡل‬
 ۙ ‫ق اَثَا ًما‬ َ ‫ن ۚ َو َم ۡن ي َّۡف َع ۡل ٰذ ِل‬
​َ ‫ق َواَل يَ ۡزنُ ۡو‬ ِّ ‫س الَّتِ ۡى َح َّر َم هّٰللا ُ اِاَّل ِب ۡال َحـ‬
َ ‫ف‬ ۡ َّ ‫ن‬ ‫ال‬ ‫ن‬
َ ‫و‬ۡ ُ ‫ل‬ُ ‫ت‬ ۡ
‫ق‬ ‫ي‬ ‫اَل‬
َ َ َ ‫و‬ ‫ر‬‫خ‬َ ٰ
‫ا‬ ‫ًا‬ ‫ه‬‫ل‬ٰ ‫ا‬ ‫والَّذ ۡي َن اَل ي ۡد ُع ۡو َن مع هّٰللا‬
ِ ِ َ َ َ ِ َ
who invoke no other deity along with Allah, nor take any life - which Allah has forbidden -
save justly; who do not commit unlawful sexual intercourse - and whoso does that shall meet
;its penalty
ۖ ‫ف لَهُ ۡال َع َذابُ يَ ۡو َم ۡالقِ ٰي َم ِة َويَ ۡخلُ ۡد فِ ۡي ٖه ُمهَانًا‬ ۡ ‫ُض َع‬ ٰ ‫ي‬
his torment shall be doubled for him on the Day of Resurrection, and he will abide in it in
ignominy
]al-Furqan 25:68,69[
Explanation
• Polytheism --- Monotheism
Allah SWT says:
‫ك لَظُ ْل ٌم َع ِظي ٌم‬
َ ْ‫ِإ َّن ال ِّشر‬
Surely, associating others with Allah in His Divinity is a mighty wrong.” (Surah Luqman: 13)
The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said, "Avoid the seven destructive things." It was asked: (by those present): "What are they, O Messenger of Allah?" He
replied, "Associating anyone or anything with Allah in worship; practising sorcery, killing of someone without a just cause whom Allah has
forbidden, devouring the property of an orphan, eating of usury, fleeing from the battlefield and slandering chaste women who never even think of
anything touching chastity and are good believers.« [Al-Bukhari and Muslim Riyad as-Salihin 1793].
• Murder
Allah SWT says:
َ َّ‫اس َج ِميعًا َو َم ْن َأحْ يَاهَا فَ َكَأنَّ َما َأحْ يَا الن‬
‫اس َج ِميعًا‬ َ َّ‫ض فَ َكَأنَّ َما قَتَ َل الن‬
ِ ْ‫س َأوْ فَ َسا ٍد فِي اَأْلر‬
ٍ ‫ۚ َم ْن قَتَ َل نَ ْفسًا ِب َغي ِْر نَ ْف‬
he who slays a soul unless it be (in punishment) for murder or for spreading mischief on earth shall be as if he had slain all mankind; and he who
saves a life shall be as if he had given life to all mankind.  (Surah Al-Maida: 32)
• Adultery
Allah SWT says:
 ‫اح ٍد ِم ْنهُ َما ِماَئةَ َج ْل َد ٍة‬
ِ ‫ۖ ال َّزانِيَةُ َوال َّزانِي فَاجْ لِ ُدوا ُك َّل َو‬
 The woman and the man guilty of fornication, flog each one of them with a hundred stripes. (Surah AL-Noor: 2)
 Fruits of Repentance

‫هّٰللا‬ ٰ ‫هّٰللا‬ ٓ ٰ ُ ‫صا ِل ًحـا فَا‬

 ‫َّح ۡي ًما‬
‫ر‬
ِ ً ‫ا‬‫ر‬ ‫و‬ۡ ُ ‫ف‬ َ
‫غ‬ ‫ان‬‫ك‬َ ‫و‬ ؕ ​
‫ت‬
ُ َ َ ٍ َ َ ِ ِ ِّ َ ُ ٰ
‫ن‬ ‫س‬ ‫ح‬ ۡ‫م‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ت‬‫ا‬ ‫ي‬‫س‬ ‫ل‬
ُ ‫د‬ِّ َ َ ‫ول ِئ‬
‫ب‬ُ ‫ي‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ـ‬ َ ‫اب َو ٰا َم َن َو َع ِم َل َع َماًل‬
َ َ‫اِاَّل َم ۡن ت‬
unless he repents and believes and does righteous works. For such, Allah will
change their evil deeds into good deeds. Allah is Ever Forgiving, Most
.Compassionate
‫صالِحًـا فَاِنَّ ٗه يَتُ ۡوبُ اِلَى هّٰللا ِ َمتَابًا‬ َ ‫اب َو َع ِم َل‬ َ َ‫َو َم ۡن ت‬
Whosoever repents and does good, he returns to Allah in the manner that he should.
]al-Furqan 25:70-71[
Explanation

• Importance and fruits of repentance

• Destructive sins shall cause double punishment.
• Allah will change the evil deeds of repent.. into good deeds.
 Avoidance of False Witness and Vain Things

ُّ ‫َوالَّ ِذ ۡي َن اَل يَ ۡشهَ ُد ۡو َن‬

 ‫الز ۡو ۙ َر َو اِ َذا َمرُّ ۡوا بِاللَّ ۡغ ِو َمرُّ ۡوا ِك َرا ًما‬
The true servants of the Merciful One) are those who do not bear witness to any
falsehood and who, when they pass by frivolity, pass by it with dignity;
]al-Furqan 25:72[
Explanation
• Avoid false witness
Allah says in Quran:
‫ور‬
ِ ‫الز‬ُّ ‫َواجْ تَنِبُوا قَ ْو َل‬
and shun all words of falsehood. (Surah Al-Hajj: 30)
َ ‫يَا َأيُّهَا الَّ ِذ‬ 
‫ين آ َمنُوا اتَّقُوا هَّللا َ َوقُولُواـ قَ ْواًل َس ِدي ًدا‬
 O, Believers, fear Allah and speak the truth. (Surah Al-Ahzab: 70)
The Prophet. said, "The biggest of the great sins are: To join others in worship with Allah, to be undutiful to one's parents, and to
give a false witness." He repeated it thrice, or said, "....a false statement," and kept on repeating that warning till we wished he
would stop saying it. (Sahih al-Bukhari 6919)
• Avoid vain things
Allah SWT says:
‫ُون‬ ِ ‫ين هُ ْم َع ِن اللَّ ْغ ِو ُمع‬
َ ‫ْرض‬ َ ‫والَّ ِذ‬ 
َ
 who avoid whatever is vain and frivolous. (Surah Al-Mominun: 3)
prophet
"The son of Adam's speech is against him not for him, except for commanding good, or forbidding evil, or remembrance of Allah.“
 Respond to the Guidance of the Lord

ِ ‫َوالَّ ِذ ۡي َن اِ َذا ُذ ِّكر ُۡوا بِ ٰا ٰي‬

ُ ‫ت َربِّ ِهمۡ لَمۡ يَ ِخرُّ ۡوا َعلَ ۡيهَا‬
 ‫ص ًّما َّو ُعمۡ يَانًا‬
Who, when they are reminded of the revelations of their Lord, do not fall at them
deaf and blind;
]al-Furqan 25:73[
Explanation

Response of believers to the guidance of Lord.

• They do not ignore His teachings.
• They follow and practice what they are enjoined and refrain from what is
forbidden.
 Praying to Allah for Righteous Family

 ‫اج َع ۡلنَا لِ ۡل ُمتَّقِ ۡي َن اِ َما ًما‬

ۡ ‫اجنَا َو ُذرِّ ٰيّتِنَا قُ َّرةَ اَ ۡعي ٍُن َّو‬
ِ ‫َوالَّ ِذ ۡي َن يَقُ ۡولُ ۡو َن َربَّنَا هَ ۡب لَـنَا ِم ۡن اَ ۡز َو‬
who are prone to pray: "Our Lord! Grant us that our spouses and our offspring be a
joy to our eyes, and do make us the leaders of the God-fearing."
]al-Furqan 25:74[
Explanation

• Importance of Nikah
• Praying for pious spouse
• Praying for righteousness of spouse and children
 «‫ـهـ ُمسلمـ‬ ِ ‫اــل َمرْ َأة اــلص‬
ُ ‫ َر َوا‬. »‫َّاــل َحة‬ ْ ‫اــل ُّد ْنيَا ُكـلُّهَـا َمتَا ٌع َو َخ ْي ُر َمتَاع اــل ُّد ْنيَا‬
ِ
“The whole world is to be enjoyed, but the best thing in the world is a good
woman.” (Mishkat al-Masabih 3083)
• Responsibilities towards family
 Reward

ٰ ً َّ َ ۡ ۡ َّ َ
 ۙ ‫صبَرُوا َويُلقو َن فِيهَا ت ِحية َّو َسل ًما‬ ۡ َ َ ۡ ُ ۡ ۡ َ ۡ ٓ ٰ ُ‫ا‬
َ ‫ك يُجزو َن الغرفة بِ َما‬ َ ‫ولـِئ‬
They are the ones who will be rewarded for their patience: lofty palaces will be
granted to them, and they will be received with greeting and salutation.
 ‫ٰخلِ ِد ۡي َن فِ ۡيهَا​ ؕ َح ُسنَ ۡت ُم ۡستَقَ ًّرا َّو ُمقَا ًما‬
Therein they shall abide for ever: how good an abode, and how good a resting-
place!
]al-Furqan 25:75-76[
Explanation

• Characteristics of Jannah
 Punishment for Denying and not Invoking Allah

َ ‫قُ ۡل َما يَ ۡعبَـُؤ ا بِ ُكمۡ َرب ِّۡى لَ ۡواَل ُد َعٓاُؤ ُك ۚمۡ​ فَقَ ۡد َك َّذ ۡبتُمۡ فَ َس ۡو‬
‫ف يَ ُك ۡو ُن لِ َزا ًما‬
Say to them (O Muhammad): "My Lord would not care for you were it not for your
prayer. But now that you have given the lie to (the Message of Allah), an
".inextricable punishment shall soon come upon you
]al-Furqan 25:77[
Explanation

• Punishment for Denying and not Invoking Allah

• Allah SWT says to the disbelievers:
 If you do not invoke Allah for help and protection, and do not worship Him, you
will have no value and importance in His sight,
Summary
Allah s.w.t mentions the qualities of the believers:
• Humble Gait & Avoiding Foolish Talk
• Night Prayer
• The fear of the torment of Hell
• Two extremes in spending money
• Avoidance of Polytheism, Murder, Adultery
• Avoidance of False Witness and Vain Things
• Response to the Verses of Allah
• Praying to Allah for Spouse