PROJECT PRESENTATION

GALGOTIAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

& TECHNOLOGY

SUBMITTED BY: GUIDED BY:

NAVAKSHI ANAND-1900970000063 DR. MEENU KALRA
SAUMYA PATEL-1900970000085 ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
ROHIT SINGH-1900970000080
VISHAL SINGH-1900970000105
RAHUL SINGH-1900970000074
 CONCRETE MADE BY BYPRODUCT MATERIAL
● INTRODUCTION
● NEED OF RECYCLING OF WASTE MATERIAL
● ROLE OF WASTE MATERIAL IN CEMENT CLINKER PRODUCTION
● FLY ASH CEMENT
● ADVANTAGES OF FLY ASH CONCRETE
● DURABILITY OF FLY ASH CONCRETE
● STRUCTURE USED FLY ASH
● RICE HUSH AND ADVANTAGES
● RECYCLING OF CONCRETE
● WHAT IS CONCRETE RECYCLING…?
● USES OF RECYCLED CONCRETE AND DISADVANTAGES
● APPLICATION OF MISCELLANEOUS WASTES
● CONCLUSION
 NEED OF RECYCLING OF WASTE MATERIALS
1.Rise in population

2. Large scale demand for housing

3.Over stressing the reserves of traditional building materials

4.Cement material presently not in a position to cope the millions of the country

5.The enormous amount of waste materials

6.Recycling becoming imperative & mandatory

INTRODUCTION

Concrete made with Portland cement,water admixtures and aggregates comprises in quantity
the largest of all man made material Historically whenever new compounds were produced,or
waste materials accumulated in industries,they were incorporated as one of ingredients of
concrete. Typical examples are fly ash phosphogypsum,blast furnace slag, saw mil waste, rice
husk, cotton etc.The wide spread need for conserving resources & environment will be
reflected major emphasis on the use of wastes & by products. Recycling of concrete materials
also offers some promise. Attempts are already being made to use municipal refuse & waste oil
as partial substitutes for the fuel in the production of cement clinker
ROLE OF WASTE MATERIAL IN CEMENT
CLINKER PRODUCTION
1.Many waste materials contain basic ingredients that are needed for the manufacturing of
cement clinker

2.Fly ash can also be used as a source of raw material Lime sludge can be used as a
substitutes for lime stone

3.Red mud a waste material from the production of alumina used as a raw material for cement
clinker production

4.Phosphogypsum as a mineralizer for making clinker

FLY ASH CEMENT

1.Fly ash is the ash component of Coal liberated during combustion.

2.Fly ash can be incorporated into Portland cement in one of the three ways.

3.Fly ash can be used as a admixture or as replacement of Portland cement.

4. Fly ash addition to Portland cement results in increased workability.

5. In fly ash cement development of compressive strength is slow

6.At longer periods of curing Fly ash concrete develops higher strengths than the normal
concrete
ADVANTAGES OF FLY ASH CONCRETE
1.Addition of fly ash to concrete minimize or eliminates the expansion due to alkali aggregate
reaction
2.WORKABILITY

3.TIME OF SETTING
DURABILITY OF FLY ASH CONCRETE
1.Sufficiently cured fly ash concrete has dense structure & hence more resistance to deleterious substances.

2.This reduces the corrosion of reinforcement.

3.Class F fly ash reduces alkali-silica reactivity because of the dense structure & hence expansion is reduced
which increases durability.

4. Because of the reduced permeability the chloride ingress is reduced.

STRUCTURES USED FLY ASH
SNO. STRUCTURE STATE CEMENT SOURCE OF
REPLACED(%) FLY ASH

1. Gurgaon Tunnel Haryana 15 Delhi

2. Jawar sagar Dam Rajasthan 20 Delhi

3. Kakki Dam Kerala 20 Neyveli

4. Navora barrage UP 15 Harduagang

5. Rihad Dam UP 15 Bokaro

6. Sone Barrage Bihar 15 Bokhara

7. Umium project Assam N/A Durgapur

8. Chandil Dam Bihar 25 Talcher

RICE HUSK

RICE HUSK ASH CEMENT In the rice milling operation one ton of rice paddy produces 400 kg
of husk. Burning of the husk results in 20% by a weight of ash. Blending this ash with cement
produces a suitable blended cement

Advantage
The rice husk ash cement on hydration produces practically no Ca(OH) 2 &hence is superior to
Portland.
RECYCLING OF CONCRETE

Except structures which have to be preserved as moments a great number of them have to be
demolished sooner or later. Concrete accounts of nearly 75% by weight of all construction
material. Millions of tons of concrete debris are generated by natural disaster. Depletion of
normal aggregate sources, stricter environmental laws & waste disposal problems make
recycling of concrete.

WHAT IS CONCRETE RECYCLING…?

Breaking, removing & crushing hardened concrete from an acceptable source. Old concrete
pavements often are excellent sources of material for producing RCA
 USES OF RECYCLED CONCRETE

Smaller pieces of concrete are used as gravel for new construction projects. Sub base gravels
laid down as the lowest layer in a road. Recycled concrete can also be used as the dry
aggregate for brand new concrete. Larger pieces can be used for erosion control.

DISADVANTAGES
Lead paint contamination.
APPLICATION OF MISCELLANEOUS WASTES
COLLIERY SOIL: In coal operations about one half of the material is separated & discarded as colliery soil.
This soil is used to fill in road embankments. IIt can also be used to produce light weight concrete.

WASTE GLASS: Millions of tons of waste glass are generated annually.The strength of concrete less than
with gravel aggregate. This is used to make light weight aggregates.

RED MUD: Red mud is a waste product resulting from the extraction of alumina from bauxite ore. It is
sufficiently plastic to be moulded into balls. Firing at about 1260 to 1310 c produces a strong dense aggregate.

BURNT CLAY: High permeability. Concrete contains burnt clay has high fire resisting capacity.

SAW DUST: Saw dust concrete is used only to a limited extent because of its low strengths. The addition of
sand can improve strength. Saw dust cement has a good insulation value. Low thermal conductivity. Concrete
containing large amounts of saw dust is flammable.
CONCLUSION

In the coming future Recycling of Waste Materials & by production for concrete technology will
achieve new heights, as attempts are already being made to use municipal refuse & waste oil
as partial substitutes for production of cement clinker. We have to promote & development in
the area of utilization of waste materials. Variability of the physical & chemical characteristics &
availability at locations far removed from populations areas may inhibit the wide spread use of
many types of wastes. Future work will have to be directed to study of the long term durability
of concretes containing these materials