KNOWLEDGE AND

CURRICULUM
Presentation By :-

1.Akanksha Lal (Coordinator)

2.Akshay Mehar

3. Suraj Sain
4. Tisha
5. Garima
6. Rakshit Bhardwaj
PLATO’S METHOD OF
TEACHING
• PLATO DIVIDED HIS SCHEME OF EDUCATION INTO TWO
PARTS I.E. ELEMENTARY AND HIGHER EDUCATION. IT IS
SO BECAUSE ACCORDING TO PLATO THERE ARE SOME
CERTAIN ASPECTS WHICH ARE TO BE DEVELOPED AT A
CERTAIN AGE.

• THE HIGHEST GOAL OF EDUCATION, PLATO BELIEVED, IS

THE KNOWLEDGE OF GOOD; TO NURTURE A MAN TO A
BETTER HUMAN BEING IT IS NOT MERELY AN
AWARENESS OF PARTICULAR BENEFITS AND PLEASURES
• "Do not then train youths by force and harshness
but direct them to it by what amuses their minds
so that you may be better able to discover with
accuracy the peculiar bent of the genius of each."
– Plato

• Plato writes in his Republic

“Bodily exercise, when compulsory, does no
harm to the body; but knowledge which is
acquired under compulsion obtains no hold on
the mind”
 PLATO WANTS A PLACE WHERE PLATO GIVES IMPORTANCE TO
CHILDREN LOVE TO GO AND STAY NURSERY EDUCATION, HE THINKS
THERE, AND THEY PLAY WITH NURSERY EDUCATION PLAYS A VITAL
THINGS WHICH ENHANCE THEIR ROLE IN THE EDUCATION OF MAN, IT
EDUCATION BY PLAYING. HELP TO BUILD HIS MORAL
CHARACTER AND STATE OF MIND. 
o Plato believed in the Dialect method of teaching. In
this method the student is dependent on the
teacher for knowledge and learning and the
teacher has all the pressure.

o This can also be seen in his theory of Allegory Of

Cave.
 Plato think It will be hard to discover
a better [method of education] than
that which the experience of so
many ages has already discovered,
and this may be summed up as
consisting in gymnastics for the body.
 According to Plato learning is a
lifelong process. Learning is not only
done at any educational institution,
but it starts from the childhood of a
person from the surroundings and
ends with the death of person.
 A.) TO DEVELOP LEADER AMONG THE FUTURE
RULERS

Plato’s aims of B.) TO DEVELOP HARD AND COMPETENT

WORKERS.

education:- C.) TO PRODUCE LEADERS WITH MILITARY SKILL

AMONG THE WARRIORS.
D.) TO PRODUCE FUTURE CIVIL SERVANTS OF THE
STATE.
 Plato's
Educational
Philosophy
Relevance of his philosophy
in today’s education system
• Plato regards education to achieve justice,
both individual justice and social justice.
According to Plato, individual justice can be
obtained when everyone develops his or her
ability to the fullest. In this sense, justice
means excellence. For the Greeks and Plato,
excellence is virtue.
Freedom for Do not train children to learn by force and harshness, but

direct them to it by what amuses their mind, so that you
may be better able to discover with accuracy the peculiar
children bent of the genius of each
1. It is compulsory, state regulated, and
meant for both sexes

2. It ensures both physical and mental

development

3. The most important part of education

is proper training in nursery
It improves morality

Element of justice occupies great position

It is an ideal philosophical plan

1. State controlled system of compulsory education :-
He does not favour the idea of leaving education in the hands of
parents. He considered education as positive means by which the
ruler could mold the character of the people and promote spirit of
unselfish devotion towards their duties.

2. Favour education, both for men and women:-

He was in favour women holding public offices like men. It is for
this step of his, that he is regarded as a revolutionary.
3. Aimed at moral as well as physical development of
the child:-
He held that a healthy mind could reside only in a
healthy body and it was essential that education should
develop both these faculties.

4. Produce philosopher king:-

It was the chief objective of his scheme of education. The
philosophers were expected to govern the masses only
through rigorous programme of education.
The most important part of
education is proper training in
nursery

~Plato
Critics of his philosophy
in today’s education
system
Only 3 subjects Maths, Literature and Philosophy in fourth stage
20-30 years

And Too late to develop reasoning as the mental attributes would

have passed the right age to study sciences.

It focused too much on the group and not enough on the

individual.
His training or educational plan was rigorous, and many would say it
was impossible to meet such standards.

Plato system is impractioal and theoretioal

Education extending to 35 will be expensive and will also kill

initiative in men at that age.
• “Bodily exercise, when compulsory, done no harm to the body;
but knowledge which is acquired under compulsion obtains no
hold on the mind” – Plato, Republic
Like this quote, there are many other thoughts and views that are
quite contradictory with his own thoughts. In this quote, Plato stand
against compulsory education by force by in his own opinion he
wanted to enforce compulsory education to the children even by
separating them from their parents! Which is quite questionable
indeed.
 It is primarily meant for the ruling class only and ignores the
lower classes, which represents the over-whelming majority
of population.
 Its censorship means that there should be no freedom of
speech and expression of opinion other than what the state
suggests and allows, which is unacceptable in modern times.
 In curriculum, Plato does not propose for the future
legislators any study of finance, law and military tactics but
only of abstract mathematics.
• It is more theoretical and less practical.
• It is too expensive to be afforded.
• Very little mention of the education of any
classes except the guardians.
• His classification(The Producers, The
Auxiliaries &The Guardians) of the ancient
Greek citizen is quite outdated in our present
context but his position can be considered at
his time his proposition is also defective, his
classification was base on class but how a
children’s future can be predicted was not clear
in his writing.
• He criticizes the individual schools of
education because he thought that could
misdirect the student and the can be
separated from the ideology of the state
on the other hand his own thought can be
defined as individual thoughts of state and
education then he falls in his own fallacy.
His theory can be questioned too.
Moreover, it is evident that diversity and
individual enterprise brought the most
fruits most of the time
• In the third stage, Plato reserved the
whole space for gymnastics and military
training where there must be some
intellectual training too.
Fourth stage or the stage to get higher education at the age after thirty is quite difficult
because it will kill the initiative in man at that age.

Fifth or last stage of education shall be quite hectic for the learners at the age of fifty.
ALLEGORY OF THE
CAVE
Forcefully taking out the prisoner from the cave.

Reality only exists within the mind. Outside our skulls, nothing truly subsists. Our
perceptions -- that is reality. Without our perceptions the world outside is nothing,
merely objects. It is the humans that give those objects meaning and life. 

Creating an ideal state where philosophers rule.

Laying down a framework for an education system for producing philosophers and
philosophers king
THANKYOU