ARCHIMEDES’

PRINCIPLE
LEE YUE KEE, GAYATRII, TAKSHA
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

01 02 03 04
INTRODUCTIO STATE OF APPLICATIO QUESTIONS
N FLOATATION N IN DAILY
LIFE
 INTRODUCTION
01 YUE KEE
BUOYANT FORCE
Buoyant force is the
force acting upwards
on an object
immersed in a liquid
when there is
 BUOYANT FORCE
Archimedes’ principle Buoyant force
states that an object which =
is partially or fully Weight of fluid displaced
immersed in a fluid will
experience a buoyant force Fb = pgV
equal to the weight of fluid
displaced.
 EXPERIMENT 2.3
Aim:
To determine the relationship between the buoyant force and the weight of
liquid displaced.

Variables:
Manipulated: Weight of water displaced
Responding: Buoyant force
Constant: Density of water
 PROCEDURE
1. Set up the apparatus.
2. Hang a 100g slotted weight on the spring balance. Record the weight
of the slotted weight in the air, Wa
3. Place the beaker on the electronic balance. Reset the reading of the
electronic balance to zero.
4. Immerse the slotted weight fully into the water. Record the weight of
the slotted weight in water, Ww.
5. Calculate the buoyant force, Fb = Wa - Ww
6. From the reading of the electronics balance, calculate the weight of
water displaced, Wd [1kg = 10N]
 PROCEDURE
7. Repeat steps 2 to 5 using slotted weights of mass 200g, 300g, 400g and
500g.
8. Record all your results.
 CONCLUSION
The weight of liquid displaced is directly proportional to the buoyant force.

The greater the weight of liquid displaced, the greater the buoyant force.
 STATE OF
02 FLOATATION
TAKSHA
REFER TO WHITEBOARD :)
SHIP FLOATING ON SEA
FB
➔ W = FB
➔ Buoyant Force = Weight of Water
displaced
➔ Weight of ship = Weight of water
displaced
➔ Volume of sea water displaced =
Volume of the section of the
ship immersed in sea water.

W
 SUBMARINE
FB
➔ W = FB
➔ Buoyant Force = Weight of Water
displaced
➔ Weight of ship = Weight of water
displaced
➔ Volume of sea water displaced =
Volume of submarine.

W
 APPLICATION
03 IN DAILY LIFE
GAYATRII
 HYDROMETER
➔ A hydrometer is a measuring instrument that applies Archimedes’ principle to measure the density of
liquids.
➔ The hydrometer will float at different levels of depth in liquids with different densities.
➔ In a less dense liquid, a larger section of the hydrometer is immersed in the liquid to displace a larger
volume of liquid, and vice versa.
 HYDROMETER
Small diameter, so
that the scale to
measure is bigger and
more sensitive.

Long tube, so can

measure wide range
Big diameter and lead of density and never
shots, to make sure sink.
it’s table and vertical
when immersed in
liquid.
 SHIP
➔ Although a ship is constructed of metal, which has a greater density than water, its
shape is hollow so that the overall density of the ship id less than sea water.
➔ As a result, the buoyant force acting on the ship is larger enough to support its
weight.
➔ The density of sea water varies with location. To ensure that a ship lis loaded to
within safety limits, the Plimsoll line marked on the body of the ship acts as a
guide.
SHIP
 SUBMARINE
➔ A submarine submerges by letting
water into its ballast tank so that its
weight becomes greater than its
buoyant force.
➔ Conversely, it floats by forcing the
water out of the ballast tank with
compressed air. This reduces its
weight less than the value of
buoyant force.
 HOT AIR BALLOON
➔ Before being released, the air in the
balloon is heated by gas flame to
temperature higher than 100C. This
causes the air in the balloon to expand
and a portion comes out of the balloon
through the hole at the bottom and
causes the weight of the balloon to be
reduced.
➔ When the weight of the balloon
becomes smaller than the buoyant
force, the balloon starts to rise.
 CARTESIAN DIVER
➔ When a diver is placed in a bottle of water,
some air remains trapped in the holes. If the
cork at the top of the bottle is pressed
downwards, the pressure in the water
increases. Some water is forced into the holes
of the diver, compressing the air in them. The
weight of the diver increases and it sinks.
➔ When the pressure is released, the
compressed air in the holes pushes the water
out. The weight of the diver decreases and it
rises.
➔ The working principle of a Cartesian diver if the
same as the Submarine.
04 QUESTIONS
THANK
YOU