DIFFERENCE BETWEEN

OTTO AND DIESEL

CYCLE

BY: JAIN NIKHIL PRAKASH

Automobile Engg. Dept.
Division E
OTTO CYCLE
• Nicolaus was a German
inventor
• Born in 1832 in Holzhausen
an der Haide
• His design was the first 4
stroke ICE to have any kind
of practicality
DIESEL CYCLE
• Invented by Rudolf
Christian Karl Diesel in
1893
• First engine was powered
by powdered coal
• Achieved a compression
ratio of almost 80
• Exploded, almost killed
Diesel
• First working engine
completed 1894 -
generated 13 hp
 WORKING OF OTTO CYCLE
• Any 4 stroke engine is an Otto Engine
• The 4 strokes are: Intake, Compression,
Combustion/Power, Exhaust.
• The cycle is:
1-2: adiabatic compression
2-3: heat addition at constant volume
3-4: adiabatic expansion and rejection of heat at constant
volume
 Working
Process 1-2 Piston moves from crank
end to cylinder head end (TDC, top
dead centre and minimum volume) as
the working gas with initial state 1 is
compressed isentropically to state
point 2, through compression ratio
Process 2-3 The piston is
momentarily at rest at TDC. During this
instant, which is known as the ignition
phase, the air/fuel mixture remains
Process 3-4 The increased high
pressure exerts a force on the piston
and pushes it towards the BDC.
Process 4-1 The piston is
momentarily at rest at BDC
DIESEL HOW LOOKS ?
WORKING OF DIESEL CYCLE Fuel injected
A
at TC
I
R

Air Combustion
Products
Actual
Cycle

Intake Compression Power Exhaust

Stroke Stroke Stroke Stroke

Qin Qout

Air
Diesel
Cycle
BC

Compression Const pressure Expansion Const volume

Process heat addition Process heat rejection
Process Process
Working
• Process 1 to 2 is isentropic
compression of the fluid (blue)
• Process 2 to 3
is reversible constant
pressure heating (red)
• Process 3 to 4 is isentropic
expansion (yellow)
• Process 4 to 1 is reversible
constant volume cooling
(green)
 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN OTTO AND DIESEL
Uses In diesel engines, heating In petrol engines
systems
Made from Petroleum/ Crude oil Petroleum/ Crude Oil

Energy content 38.6 MJ/litre 34.6 MJ/litre

Made by Fractional distillation Fractional distillation

Torque (for 10L engine) 1000 Nm @ 2000 rpm 300Nm @ 4000 rpm

Power (for 10L engine) 490Hp @ 3500 rpm 600Hp @ 5500 rpm

Power = torque*RPM 210°C 246°C

CO2 emission More than Lower than diesel.

gasoline(petrol). Diesel
fuel produces
approximately 13% more
CO2 gas per gallon of fuel
burned, compared to gas
(petrol) engines.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN OTTO AND
DIESEL
 Production of petrol vs diesel
• Petroleum is refined to produce petrol and diesel.
• Fractional Distillation process is used on petroleum and at
various temperatures, different by products are formed
from it.
• Petrol and diesel both are derived at varying temperatures
during refining process. Petrol is produced at temperature
between 35 degrees to 200 degrees while diesel is
produced at a boiling point of 250-350 degrees.
• After distillation, in order to use these byproducts as
commercially acceptable petrol and diesel, some blending
with other elements has to be done.
• Petrol is produced first in this process as it is produced at a
lower temperature than diesel.
THANK
YOU
SIR