Tutor: Abhiram

Date: 26/11/2016
Cambridge IGCSE

Organic Chemistry
 By the end of this session you will be able to –

Learning Objectives - Carboxylic acids and esters

Chec
k List
 • Pre-assessment questions:

What is a functional group?

Pre-assessment
Esters:

- Introduction

- Nomenclature

- Fats and oils as esters

- saturated and unsaturated fatty acids

- Soaps and detergents

 Assessment
1. a. Draw the structure of propyl butanoate?

b. Draw the structural formula of the carboxylic acid from which this
ester is made.

2. The flavour and smell of foods are partly due to esters. An ester can be
made from ethanol and ethanoic acid.

a. Name this ester.

b. write a word equation for the reaction between ethanol and ethanoic
acid.
3. Copy and complete the following sentences about this reaction using
words from the list:

catalyst, inhibitor, monomeric, saturated, unsaturated

Hydrogen gas is bubbled through ____ carbon compounds using a nickel

_____ which speeds up the reaction.

The margarines produced are ______ compounds.

 4. Some organic compounds found in ripe fruits are shown below:

C
B
A

E
D
a. What do you mean by the term organic compound?

b. Which two of the compounds belong to the same homologous series?

c. Which one of these compounds is an unsaturated hydrocarbon?

d. Which one of these is an Alcohol?

e. Which one of these compounds can be formed directly by cracking the

paraffin fraction from petroleum?

f. What is the molecular formula of compound C?

g. Calculate the relative molecular mass of compound C?

- Many fruits contain a variety of different coloured compounds. What
separation technique can you use to separate these different coloured
compounds?

- Compound D burns readily-

a. State the products formed when D burns in excess air

b. what is an exothermic reaction

c. Name the carbon compound formed when D undergoes incomplete

combustion?
5. a. Copy and complete the equation for this reaction:

CO2 + ___  CH4 + O2

b. state one use of methane

c. Methane is a gas. Which two of the following statements about gas

molecules are true?

d. Ethane is compound related to methane. Bromine water can be used to

distinguish between ethane and Ethene. Describe what you would observe
when bromine water is added to Ethene?
6. Give the name, structural formula and relative molecular mass of an
isomer of propan-2-ol?

7. For each of the following predict the name of the organic product.

- reaction between methanol and ethanoic acid

- Oxidation of propan-1-ol by potassium dichromate

- Removal of water from ethanol

8. a. - Give the essential condition for the reaction between chlorine and
butane?

- What type of reaction is this?

- This reaction produces a mixture of products. Give the names of

products?

b. There are two isomers of the hydrocarbon with the molecular formula
C4H8. draw the structural formulae of two of these isomers.

c. Alkenes are more reactive than alkanes and are used to make a range of
organic chemicals. Propene, is made by cracking.
- Give the structural formula of the addition product when propene reacts with the
following:

a. water

b. bromine
Q: Propene reacts with hydrogen iodide to form 2-iodopropane.

- 1.4 g of propene produced 4.0 g of 2-iodopropane

- Calculate the percentage yield?

Moles of propene = ____ moles

Maximum moles of 2-iodopropane that could be formed = ____ moles

Mass of one mole of 2-iodopropane = 170 g

Maximum mass of 2-iodopropane that could be formed = ___ g

Percentage yield = ____ %

Learning Objectives Revisited

By the end of the session you have been able to understand:

Carboxylic acids and esters