Typhoon and the

Philippine Area of
Responsibility
Grade 8
2nd Quarter
Earth and Space
Week 5
 Learning Goals and
Standards
• Trace the path of typhoons that enter
the Philippine Area of Responsibility
(PAR) using a map and tracking data.
 Objectives:
1. Identify the role of PAGASA in the
Philippine Area of Responsibility
2. Create a comic strip about what to do
before, during and after a typhoon.
3. Trace the path of typhoon that enters the
PAR.
4. Practice natural calamity preparedness
all the time.
 Introduction
• Typhoons deliver torrential rains and
strong winds. Usually, much more
damage is caused by rains. Rains
soak the terrain causing flooding,
landslides and mud slides.
 Introduction
• The strong winds can tear off roofs,
uproot tress, and knock down posts
and billboards. Because of the winds,
it is not safe to stay outdoors as the
typhoon passes.
 Motivation
• Let’s say you are a weather
forecaster, how will you forecast the
weather given the map below?
 Let’s connect the past!
• How do typhoons develop?

• How does water and land affects the

typhoon?
Philippine Area of Responsibility

• PAR begins at
135°E and
ends at 115°E
longitudes;
and from 5°N
to 25°N
latitudes.
 Philippine Area of Responsibility
• Even if it does not affect the Philippines,
PAGASA does monitoring that will
provide other countries with information
and warning.
• What does the PAGASA stands for?
 PAGASA
• Philippine
Atmospheric,
Geophysical, and
Astronomical
Services
Administration
 Values Integration
• PAGASA does monitoring to
typhoons that doesn’t affect our
country but may affect our
neighbourhood country. Can you cite
instances wherein you did things that
doesn’t concern you but may help
other people?
 Storm Warnings
• PAGASA informs the public about
the
Speed of tail winds and central winds
Direction of movement
Size of the typhoon
 Storm Warnings
Typhoon Signal Wind Descriptions
Level
Signal Number Typhoon winds of 30 kph to 60 kph are
1 expected within the next 36 hours.

Signal Number Tropical cyclone winds of 60 kph to 100 kph

2 are expected within the next 24 hours.

Signal Number Tropical cyclone winds of 100 kph to 185 kph

3 are expected within the next 18 hours.

Signal Number Tropical cyclone winds of greater than 185

4 kph are expected within 12 hours.
 Typhoon Preparedness
• Our country is
surrounded by
major oceans and
it is close to the
birthplace of
typhoons in the
northwest Pacific.
 Typhoon Preparedness
• Typhoon is a predictable calamity.
• What should we do before the
typhoon hits?
 Before the Typhoon Hits
1. Make sure your home is sturdy
enough to endure strong gusty
winds, heavy rains and flash floods.
2. Install wooden protections for glass
windows.
3. Take down tarpaulin billboards.
 Before the Typhoon Hits
4. Remove loose materials from the
yard.
5. Trim trees.
6. Store enough food and drinking
water, candles and matches.
7. Charge your cellular phones.
 Before the Typhoon Hits
8. Provide yourself with phone
numbers of the barangay, Red Cross
Chapter of your place, the Disaster
Coordinating Council of your
region.
9. Provide your house with transistor
radios and batteries.
 Before the Typhoon Hits
10. Stay indoors.
11. Evacuate when told by authorities.
• What should
we do
during the
typhoon?
 During the Typhoon
1. Stay inside your house.
2. Shut down your house’s electrical
mains when necessary.
 During the Typhoon
3. Always monitor news updates
regarding the typhoon through radio
or TV or cell phone.
4. When night comes and when using
candles, never leave the candles
unwatched.
• What should
we do after
the typhoon
hits?
 After the Typhoon
1. Check your house for damage and make
repairs.
2. Inspect fuse boxes and electrical wiring
that may have been wet by rain and
floods.
3. Make sure water from faucet is safe for
drinking especially after a flood.
 After the Typhoon
4. Offer your help in your
neighborhood when needed.
5. Clear your street of debris.
 After the Typhoon
6. Report any injury or grave damage
to your barangay office.
7. Report any blown down electrical
posts or cut wires.
Let’s see what you can do!

• Create a comic strip of what to do

before, during and after a typhoon.
 You might want to ask…
• Why are typhoons given names, and
who picks the names?
• Names are given once storms reach tropical
storm status. They are named to provide ease
of communication between forecasters and the
general public. Storms can last a week or
longer and two or more storms can be
occurring in the same region at the same time.
Thus, names can reduce the confusion about
what storm is being described.
 Rainfall Warnings
• In the Philippines, heavy monsoon
rains can last for days that cause
flooding.
• PAGASA developed a color-coded
system of rainfall advisories.
 Tracking Typhoon
• Tropical cyclone track
forecasting involves predicting
where a tropical cyclone is going to
track over the next five days, every 6
to 12 hours. 
 Integration:
• When is the right time to be prepared
for natural calamity such as the
typhoon? Why is it better to be
prepared all the time?
 Let’s check what you’ve
learned!
• What is PAR?
• What are the things to do before,
during and after a typhoon?
• Why is there a rainfall warnings
aside from typhoon warnings?
 Assessment:
• Cyclones spin due to the Coriolis effect.
They spin _________.
a. Clockwise in the northern hemisphere
b. Clockwise in the southern hemisphere
c. Counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere
d. Counterclockwise in the southern hemisphere
 Assessment:
• Typhoon signal levels are based on
the _______.
a. Size of the typhoon
b. Speed of the typhoon’s motion
c. Amount of expected rains
d. Speed of the rotating winds
 Assessment:
• Why do typhoons very seldom pass
through Mindanao in southern
Philippines?
 References:
• Angeles, Delfin C. et.al., Science
Vistas 8. SalesianaBOOKS by Don
Bosco Pres, Inc. 2013.
• Tarbuck, Edward J.et.al., Earth
Science. Pearson Education South
Asia Pte.Ltd. 2009.