Conversation

Analysis
Nanda Puteri Nur A (19420054)
Dhita Lutfi Pramesty (19420067)
Karina Dilla Indrianing (19420096)
 Definition
.

Conversation analysis (CA) is an approach to the study of social interaction,

embracing both verbal and non-verbal conduct, in situations of everyday life.

CA originated as a sociological method, but has since spread to other fields.

CA began with a focus on casual conversation, but its methods were
subsequently adapted to embrace more task- and institution-centered
interactions, such as those occurring in doctors' offices, courts, law
enforcement, helplines, educational settings, and the mass media.
Interaction :
The term interaction is applied in social encounter, when the people having discussion
with each other.
The interaction can be between;
Teacher and students.
Doctor and patient.
Individual and group and may more.

Conversation :
It is a discussion among people the conversation can be between two people and more
than two.
Conversation structure:
The basic structure of Conversation is I speak --- You Speak --- I speak --- You speak
called Conversational analysis.

Conversation Analysis
There are many metaphor is used to describe the conversation structure such as;

 conversation is like dance, conversation partners coordinating their movement

smoothly.
 conversation is like a traffic which involve lots of alternative movements without
any crash.
 Some words which are used in conversation analysis

 FLOOR
The right to speak is called floor.
 TURN
Having control of this floor at any time.
 TURN-TAKING
in any situation where the control is not fixed,any one can attempet to get it.
 LACAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
set of conversation for getting, keeping and giving away turns.
Pauses
Converstation involves two or more participants and only one person can speak at a
time. While converstation between two person there must be a silince for some second
that can be pauses.

Overlaps
It's something when both speakers are trying to speak at the same time that can be
awarked
Backhannels/Backhannels signals

Speaker always expect from his partner that he is listening. There are some ways of
going this, Head nods, smiles,gestures, and vocal indications are called backchannel
signals.

This is something is feedback which is used by the listener that message is being
received.
 Adjacency pairs
The automatic squence while conversation is called adjacency pairs. Adjacency pairs
always consist of two parts. The first and the second parts.
A : Hello
B : Hi!
A : How are you?
B : Fine!
A : See you!
B : Bye!
Preference structure:
Acceptance is structurally more likely than refusal and structural likelihood is called
preference.
•Preference structure divides second part into preferred and dispreferred social acts.
Preferred:
Acceptance of something like request, invitation or proposal. Excepted act is preferred.

Examplaes
First person :Will you come at my marriage?
Second person :yes , Of course

1st person : can I get your number?

2nd person : yes

1st person : can you help me?

2nd person : sure
Summary:
 Dispreferred take more time/language/ effort.
 More language creates more distance between first and second part.
 Preferred represents closeness and quick connections.
 Participants try to avoid creating context for dispreferred e.g. by using pre-sequence.
THANK YOU