Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

“Everything has been said before, but since nobody listens

we have to keep going back and beginning all over again.” –Andre

Gide (French author and winner of the Nobel Prize in literature

in 1947).

Oral communication is transfer of information from sender to

receiver by means of verbal and visual aid. Examples of oral

communication include presentations, speeches, discussions, etc.

Though the message is conveyed through words, most of the

times oral communication is effectively carried out with the help

of non-verbal communication like body language and tone

modulations. Oral communication is also at times mixed with

visual aid to help establish the conveyed message in a clear

manner.

The goal of learning a language is to communicate. Oral

communication is the process of expressing information or ideas

by word of mouth and/or is the process of verbally transmitting

information or ideas from one individual or group to another.

Through talk, we not only communicate information but also

explore and come to understand ideas and concepts; identify and

solve problems; express and clarify thoughts, feelings, and

opinions. Oral communication can be either formal or informal.

Sometimes, somewhere between the moment someone speaks and

another responds, communication becomes broken. We have all been

there. A conversation or even an online chat, leads to a terrible

misunderstanding.

Theoretical Framework

Speaking is an activity of delivering massage, it occurs

between speaker and listener orally. In other words, the main

point of speaking activity is that speaker/s communicate their

massage to the listener/s. In this case, the speaker and listener

should be able to understand each other. The speaker can produce

the sounds that involved the massages and the listener can

receive, process, and response the massages.

According to Byrne (1984) speaking is oral communication. It

is a two ways process between speaker and listener and involve

productive and receptive skill of understanding, while Huebner

(1969) states that speaking is the main skill in communication.

Based on this idea it is understood that through speaking,

someone can communicate or express what she or he wants in order

to understand one another.

 Rivers (1978:162) says through speaking someone can express

her or his ideas, emotions and reactions to other person or

situation and influence other person. Furthermore, someone can

communicate or express what he or she wants from other and

response to other speaker. It means that in order to express

someone’s ideas, speaker must also attend the aspect of speaking,

in order that the massage is understandable to the listener.

According to Brown (1987:2) in all communication or

conversation two people are exchanging information or they have a

communication or conversation need. It means that the reason for

the people to communicate with other is in order to tell people

something, which they do not know, or to find something out from

other people.

Johnson (1983:18) refers to speaking as the ability to

produce articulation, sounds or words to express, to say, to show

and to think about ideas, thoughts and feelings.

Murica (1978:91) says speaking is the primary element of

language and it can be developed from the beginning when someone

was born, from the first contact with the language.

Conceptual Framework

Statement of the Problem

This study is aimed to determine the barriers affecting

effective oral communication.

Specifically, the researchers seek answer to the following:

Hypotheses

The following will be the suppositions or proposed

explanations made based on the problem of the study:

1.

Significance of the Study

The study could be of importance to the following:

 Fellow student/s and Teacher/s

The results may help them to eliminate some differences in

perceptions and know the barriers to be able to have a high

level of understanding in oral communication and to have

effective teamwork.

 Parent/s

Knowing the barriers affecting effective oral communication,

they will be able to teach their kids on how to avoid or

overcome these barriers because it may lead them to

misunderstandings that can later on be more dangerous.

 Future researcher/s

The ideas presented may be used as reference data in

conducting new researches or in testing the validity of

other related findings. This study will also serve as their

cross-reference that will give them a background or an

overview of the barriers affecting effective oral

communication.

 Everyone else communicating with other people

They can benefit from this study by knowing how to overcome

these barriers so not only they can save time but can also

save efforts, it can also help them transfer private and

confidential information/matter.
Scope and Delimitation

Oral communication describes any type of interaction that

makes use of spoken words. Conversation management skills are

essential for small business owners and managers who often

shoulder much of the burden in such areas as client/customer

presentations, employee interviews, and conducting meetings. For

oral communication to be effective, it should be clear, relevant,

concise, and informative.

This study covers the barriers affecting effective oral

communication.

The researchers will use total enumeration technique. The

data will be gathered through a questionnaire.

Definition of Terms

The following are the conceptual and operational definitions

of the key words in this study:

Transmitting means to cause or pass or be conveyed through space

or a medium (Merriam-Webster, 2018) In this study, transmitting

refers to spreading information from one person to another.

Articulation, according to Cambridge English Dictionary, means

“the way in which you express your feelings and ideas, etc.). In

this study, articulation refers to the act or manner of

articulating sounds.

Eliminate means to exclude (something/someone) from consideration

or further participation. (English Oxford Dictionaries) In this

study, eliminate means to completely remove something that is not

wanted.