Noha Mansy

Assistant Lecturer – English Department

sinaiuniversity.net
Scientific Thinking

Science & Scientific Thinking

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Scientific Thinking

What is Science:
Science It is the
systematic and logical
approach that
discovers how things in
the universe work.

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Scientific Thinking

What is Science:
Science is both a body of knowledge and a process.
In school, science may sometimes seem like a
collection of isolated and static facts listed in a
textbook, but that's only a small part of the story.
Just as importantly, science is also a process of
discovery that allows us to link isolated facts into
coherent and comprehensive understandings of the
natural world.

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Scientific Thinking

What is Thinking:

Thinking is the mental process that

makes you produce thoughts.

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Scientific Thinking

What is Thinking:

Our ability to think develops naturally in

early life

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Scientific Thinking

What is Thinking:
Thinking is the cognitive activities you
use to process information, solve
problems, make decision, and create new
ideas.

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Scientific Thinking

What is Scientific Thinking:

Scientific thinking refers to both thinking about the

content of science and the set of reasoning processes
that permeate the field of science: induction,
deduction, experimental design, causal reasoning,
concept formation, hypothesis testing, and so on
Scientific Thinking
This course should :

1. Encourage you to wonder about how our world works;

2. Improve your understanding of reality;

3. Help you -evaluate ways of knowing;

-develop and adopt reliable ways of knowing;
-recognize assumptions, bias, illusion, and fantasy;
-learn about the universe we live in;
-think more clearly;
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Scientific Thinking
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Is SCIENCE hard?

Because humans are naturally

bias

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Scientific Thinking

What is BIAS?

Biases are beliefs

that are not
founded by known
facts about
someone or about a
particular group of
individuals

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Scientific Thinking

Facts and Beliefs

Both involve some concept of the Truth

Belief does not
really hint at
whether Facts are based
something has on evidences
been proven or
not
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Facts and Beliefs

Both involve some concept of the Truth

Science is
based on
PROOFS and
EVIDENCEs
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Is SCIENCE hard?

Humans are naturally bias.

Non-scientist can’t implement in their daily life
because they are highly bias. However, trained
scientist who abide by scientific laws can implement
scientific rules to restrict or eliminate their bias.

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Scientific Thinking

Are we biased?

Please read aloud what you see

Ca_ y_u rea_ t_is ?

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Scientific Thinking

Are we biased?

Please read aloud what you see

Can you read this ?

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Scientific Thinking

Are we biased?

Please read aloud what you see

JUMPING TO CQNGIUSIQNS

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Scientific Thinking

Are we biased?

Please read aloud what you see

JUMPING TO CQNGIUSIQNS

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Scientific Thinking

Are we biased?

Please read aloud what you see

JUMPING TO CONCLUSION

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Scientific Thinking

Are we biased?

The brain was helpful.

It filled in the blanks !

How?
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your brain's attempt to simplify

information processing The way you
remember an event may be biased for a
number of reasons and that, in turn, can
lead to biased thinking and decision-
making.

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Scientific Thinking

When the brain receives sensory inputs,

the unconscious mind interprets them and
builds an explanation quickly filling in
gaps without realizing them.

Natural Bias

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Scientific Thinking

Bias
Scientific Thinking

Why Scientific Thinking?

Scientific thinking refers to both thinking about the

content of science and the set of reasoning processes
that permeate the field of science: induction,
deduction, experimental design, causal reasoning,
concept formation, hypothesis testing.
Scientific Thinking

Why Scientific Thinking?

Everyone thinks; it is our nature to do so. Much of our

thinking, left to itself, is:

biased, distorted, partial, prejudiced.

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Is scientific thinking just for professional scientists?

Scientific thinking is not

just for professional
scientists, but an essential
and widely-applicable skill
for everyone.
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Is scientific thinking just for professional scientists?

Scientific thinking is a skill, include observing, asking

questions, making predictions, testing ideas, documenting
data and communicating thoughts.
We all use some or parts of scientific method in our daily
lives to solve problems. The only difference between
scientists and non-scientists is that scientists are
researching problems, and non-scientists just trying to find
out what’s wrong with the oven !!!!!
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Is scientific thinking just for professional scientists?

No matter what branch of Science (physics,

biology Chemistry …etc.), scientists use the
same method to solve problems.
(observation, questioning, hypothesis
experiment, and evaluating)
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Being a professional scientist is hard, but thinking in a

scientific manner is something that every human is capable of.

Scientific thinking is based on a provisional understanding

that is supported by evidence and may be discarded and
transformed through falsification.
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conclusion
THANK YOU

For any questions feel free

to contact me by mail
Noha.mansy@su.edu.eg

Noha Mansy

Assistant Lecturer – English Department