OSGT 4

Differential Equation
Verify that y=e^(5x) is a solution to the differential equation y”-6y’+5y=0.
Verify that y=sin2x is a solution to the differential equation y’’+4y=0
Eliminate the arbitrary constants A and B. y=Ae^(5x) +Be^x
Eliminate the arbitrary constants C and D. y=Csin2x +Dcos2x
Eliminate the arbitrary constants P and Q. y=Px+Qe^x
Eliminate the arbitrary constants C, D and F. y=Ce^(-2x) +De^(4x)+Fe^x
Obtain the differential equation of the family of plane curves.
Circles with center at the origin.
Circles with center on the x-axis.
find DE satisfied by the family of parabolas having their vertices
at the origin and their foci on the y-axis
Find DE of the family of circles having their centers on the y-
axis
Variable Separable D.E.
Equation of the form Mdx+Ndy=0, where M and N may be functions of both x and y.
Find the general solution of: (x^4)(cosy)dx+secydy=0.
Find the general solution of: y’=ysecx
Find the general solution of: ylnx(lny)dx+dy=0
Find the particular solution of: (xy+x)dx=[(x^2)(y^2)+(x^2)+(y^2)+1]dy ; when x=0 and y=0 .
 Homogeneous D.E.

Identify if the
differential equation
is homogeneous or
not.

1) (x-2y)dx+(2x+y)dy=0
2) xydx+(x^2 +y^2)dy=0
3) (x^3 +xy)dy+(y^3)dx=0
4) (2y^3)(ln(x/y))dx+[(x^4)/(x-3y)]dy
5) ydx=[x+(y^2 –x^2)^1/2]dy
Find the general solution of: (x-2y)dx+(2x+y)dy=0
Find the general solution of: xydx+(x^2 +y^2)dy=0
Find the general solution of: ydx=[x+(y^2 –x^2)^1/2]dy
Find the particular solution of: (x-y)dx+(3x+y)dy=0 ; x=3 and y=-2
Partial Derivatives F(x,y)=(x^3)(y^2)+(x^5)y

Partial derivative with respect to x,

you will treat y as a constant.
Notation: Fx(x,y)

Partial derivative with respect to

y, you will treat x as a constant.
Notation: Fy(x,y)

Theorem: The mixed partial

derivatives are always equal.

Examples:
Fxy(x,y)=Fyx(x,y)
Fxyx(x,y)=Fyxx(x,y)
Fxyy(x,y)=Fyxy(x,y)
Exact D.E.
Differential Equation of the form
Mdx+Ndy=0.

This Differential Equation is exact if:

The partial derivative of M with
respect to y, is equal to the partial
derivative of N with respect to x.

Find the general solution of the D.E.

3x(xy-2)dx+(x^3 +2y)dy=0.
Find the general solution of:
(cos2y-3(x^2)(y^2))dx+(cos2y-2xsin2y-2(x^3)y)dy=0
Find the particular solution of:
(1+y^2 +xy^2)dx+((x^2)y+y+2xy)dy=0 ; at
x=1 and y=1.
Non-exact DE (case 1)
The rate of change of a substance (growth and decay rate) is
proportional to the amount of substance present.
1. A culture initially has a number x of bacteria . At  t=1hour,
the number of bacteria is
measured to be  (3/2)x. If the rate of the growth  is proportional
to the number of bacteria present ,
determine the time necessary  for the number of bacteria to  a) 
double  , b) triple 
2. A certain radioactive material is known to decay at a rate
proportional to the amount present . If initially there is 50 mg of
the material present and after 2 hours it is  observed that the
material has lost 20 %  of its original mass , Find 
a) an expression for  the mass of the material remaining at any
time t ,
b)  the mass of the material after 5 hours and 
c)  the time at which the material has decayed to one half of its
initial mass .
The rate of change of the temperature of a cooling body is
proportional to the difference
between the temperature of the body and the constant
temperature of the medium surrounding
the body .
1. A cup of hot chocolate whose temperature  is  200F is poured
in a room whose temperature  is  70F. Two minutes later the
temperature of the chocolate  is 180F. How long after the
chocolate is poured does it reach a temperature of 155F?
A thermometer is taken from an inside room to the
outside ,where the air temperature is 5° F. After 1 minute the
thermometer reads 55° F, and after 5 minutes it reads 30° F,
what is the initial temperature of the inside room?
A tank initially holds 80 gal of a brine solution containing 1/8
lb of salt per gallon. At t = 0, another brine solution containing
1 Ib of salt per gallon is poured into the tank at the rate of 4
gal/min, while the well-stirred mixture leaves the tank at the
rate of 8 gal/min. Find the amount of salt in the tank when the
tank contains exactly 40 gal of solution.