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RENEWABLE SOURCES
OF ENERGY
The world has reached peak conventional oil and gas, meaning oil and gas
companies are digging deeper and deeper into unconventional sources, with
disastrous environmental and social consequences.
The use of renewable energy in buildings has increased significantly recently due
to a number of other factors:
Photovoltaic panels
Tidal power.
Which renewable
option is best for
my building?
•Depends on the
size of the
building, energy
use, building
location, and
operational time.
•And most
importantly
payback period.
Before considering the use of renewable energy, one should examine how
buildings energy demand can be reduced through clever and often innovative
design techniques.
This provides clients with the options available and assists in selecting the most
appropriate energy source for their development.
The government through Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) has
incentives the use of renewable energy technologies (RETs) in buildings through
Subsidies and other fiscal incentives such as tax holidays, accelerated
depreciation rates etc.
MNRE has started a solar cities program to promote the use of solar energy.
Energy Conservation Building Codes (ECBC) have also been developed to
propagate the practice of designing energy efficient buildings.
Though these codes are voluntary till now, their implementation has provided
a strong base for further energy efficiency measures in future.
An active solar water heater consists of a solar collector(s), a hot water storage
tank(s), and a pump.
In addition, a heat exchanger and expansion tank are required in freezing winter
climates and an electrical generation device is needed if regular AC grid-
connected power is not available.
Piping, insulation, valves and fittings are considered installation materials and
are normally available at hardware stores and plumbing centres.
A good liquid solar collector should have a minimum life expectancy of 20–30
years.
Most of the collectors built since about 1980 are manufactured with materials
that should give a 30–50 year lifespan with a small amount of periodic
maintenance.
Good liquid collectors typically have copper water ways (piping and
tubing), a tempered glass cover and an insulated metal enclosure.
Although a little of the radiation falling on the translucent cover will be re-
reflected away, most will pass through and be absorbed by the absorption plate
and heat the water contained in it.
School of Architecture and Planning, Anna University Campus, Chennai
AD9022 ENERGY EFFICIENT ARCHITECTURE
All Eco buildings should use solar energy to heat their water if possible.
This is because solar hot water systems (SHWS) are not only easy to build or buy
and install but, above all, they use the free, clean energy of the sun.
The domestic sector is responsible for around 30 per cent of the carbon
emissions of developed countries, mainly owing to the CO2 emitted as a by-
product of power generation and fossil fuel burning. Of this 30 per cent, 25 per
cent goes to heating water for use from the taps and to provide pre-heating for
space heating systems.
PHOTOVOLTAICS
WHAT IS A PV SYSTEM?
•Once installed they will simply require their surfaces cleaning, especially in
dusty environments.
WIND TURBINES
Wind energy has been used for pumping water and milling
grain for hundreds of years.
More recently, wind energy has also been used for electricity
generation.
WIND TURBINES
WIND TURBINES
The batteries can then be used for energy supply for houses,
hospitals, farms, telecommunication, navigation, etc. Wind
energy systems can also operate in parallel with diesel sets
or solar PV systems.
WIND TURBINES
Maintenance checks are necessary every few years, and will generally cost
around Rs.7000 to Rs. 14000 per year depending on turbine size.
A well-maintained turbine should last more than 20 years, but you may need
to replace the inverter at some stage during this time, at a cost of ,Rs. 70,000
to Rs. 1,40,000 for a large system.
Savings:
A well-sited 6kW turbine can generate around 10,000kWh per year equivalent
to around 5.2 tonnes of carbon dioxide a year generating income and savings.
School of Architecture and Planning, Anna University Campus, Chennai
AD9022 ENERGY EFFICIENT ARCHITECTURE
BIOMASS
BIOMASS
BIOMASS
Biomass fuels used in India account for about one third of the
total fuel used in the country, being the most important fuel used
in over 90% of the rural households and about 15% of the urban
households.
• space heating
• air conditioning
• industrial
processes
• drying
• Greenhouses
• Aquaculture
• hot water
• resorts and pools
• melting snow
Any Questions?