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EMBEDDED
SYSTEM
 Embedded Systems Custom
Logic

An embedded system is a Processor Memory

combination of computer
hardware and software Human Diagnostic
designed for a specific Interface port
function. Embedded systems
may also function within a A/D D/A
larger system. The systems Conversion Conversion
can be programmable or have
a fixed functionality.
Actuators/
Sensors
indicators

Posible Organization of an Embedded System

The Internet of Things
        The term IoT, or Internet of Things, refers to the collective network
of connected devices and the technology that facilitates communication
between devices and the cloud, as well as between the devices
themselves. The IoT is primarily driven by deeply embedded devices.
These devices are low- bandwidth, low-repetition data capture, and low-
bandwidth data usage appliances that communicate with each other and
provide data via user interfaces.
Four Generations of deployment culminating in the IoT

1. Information technology (IT)

2. Operational technology  (OT)
3. Personal technology
4. Sensor/actuator technology
Embedded Operating Systems

An embedded operating system is a specialized operating system (OS)

designed to perform a specific task for a device that is not a computer.
There are two general approaches to developing an embedded operating
system ( OS ) . The rst approach is to take an existing OS and adapt it
for the embedded application. The other approach is to design and
implement an OS intended solely for embedded use .
Application Processors Vs Dedicated Processors

Application Processor Dedicated Processor

• Defined by the processor's ability to • Dedicated to one or a small number of
execute complex systems, such as specific tasks required by the host
Linux,  Android and Chrome. device
• Is general purpose in nature • Because such an embedded system is
• The embedded system is designed to dedicated to a specific task or tasks,
support numerous apps perform a the processor and associated
wide variety of functions components can be engineered to
reduce size and cost
Microprocessors Versus Microcontrollers

      A microprocessor is a computer processor where the data

processing logic and control is included on a single integrated circuit,
or a small number of integrated circuits. The microprocessor contains
the arithmetic, logic, and control circuitry required to perform the
functions of a computer's central processing unit
         A microcontroller is a single chip that contains the processor,
non-volatile memory for the program (ROM), volatile memory for
input and output (RAM), a clock, and an I/O control unit. The
processor portion of the microcontroller has a much lower silicon area
than other microprocessors and much higher energy efficiency.
 Processor

Analog data A/D RAM Temporary

acquisition converter data

Analog data A/D ROM Program

transmission converter and data

Send/receive Serial I/O EEPROM Permanent

data ports data

Parallel I/O TIMER Timing

Peripheral
ports System function
interfaces
bus

Typical Microcontroller Chip Elements

Deeply Embedded Systems

        Deeply embedded systems are single-purpose devices that are used

to detect something in the environment, perform a basic level of
processing and then do something with the results.