Science Core Subject

Exit Test Review

DRRR
26. Every year, millions of people around the world are affected by either human-
caused or natural disasters. Disasters are of two types- natural and human-made.
Which of the following is an example of natural disaster?

A. extreme heat
B. civil unrest
C. Cyber attacks
D. Chemical threat and biological weapons
Natural Disasters
• NATURAL DISASTERS, also referred to as
natural hazards are extreme, sudden events
caused by environmental factors such as storms,
floods, droughts, fires, and heatwaves.
Types of Natural Disasters
• Earthquakes
• Floods
• Hurricanes
• Tornadoes
• Tsunamis
• Landslides
• Wildfires
• Volcanic eruptions
• Extreme temperatures
Man-made Disasters
Man-made Disasters disasters are events which are
caused by man, either intentionally or by accident,
which that can directly or indirectly cause severe
threats, either directly or indirectly, to public
health and/or well-being.
Types of Man-made Disasters
1. Sociological Hazards
• Crime

• Arson

• Civil Disorders
• Terrorism

• War
Types of Man-made Disasters
2. Technological Hazards
• Industrial Hazards
• Structure Hazards
• Power Outage
• Fire
Types of Man-made Disasters
3. Hazardous Materials
Radiation contamination
Chemical Biological Radiological Nuclear
(CBRN’s)

4. Transportation
27. One of the serious aftershocks of Super Typhoon Yolanda was there’s no food to
eat immediately after the storm surge. This resulted into looting some of the stores
and supermarkets in Tacloban City. Which of the following factors was affected?

A. Health Risks
B. Displaced Populations
C. Emotional Aftershocks
D. Food Scarcity
28. It is a dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity or condition that may cause loss of
life, injury or other health
impacts, property damage, loss of livelihood & services, social & economic disruption or
environmental damage

A.Hazard 
B.Risk 
C.Vulnerability 
D.Disaster
• Hazard - the probability of occurrence of a potentially damaging phenomenon
• Risk - is defined as “the potential loss of life, injury, or destroyed or damaged assets
which could occur to a system, society or a community in a specific period of time,
determined probabilistically as a function of hazard, exposure, vulnerability and
capacity.
• Vulnerability - is defined as “the conditions determined by physical, social, economic
and environmental factors or processes which increase the susceptibility of an
individual, a community, assets or systems to the impacts of hazards”.
• Disasters are serious disruptions to the functioning of a community that exceed its
capacity to cope using its own resources
• Exposure - is defined as “the situation of people, infrastructure,
housing, production capacities and other tangible human assets
located in hazard-prone areas”.
• Disaster Risk Reduction - is aimed at preventing new and reducing
existing disaster risk and managing residual risk, all of which
contribute to strengthening resilience and therefore to the
achievement of sustainable development".
• Disaster Risk Management - is the application of disaster risk
reduction policies and strategies, to prevent new disaster risks,
reduce existing disaster risks, and manage residual risks, contributing
to the strengthening of resilience and reduction of losses.
29. Which of the following statement is / are TRUE about
disaster risk?
A. Disaster risk is a product of exposure to hazard and
vulnerability over the capacity of the community.
B. Disaster risk could be aggravated by lack of knowledge and
preparedness
C. Disaster risk can be lessen by capacitating the
individuals and community on the possible hazards
D. All of the above
30. This hazard is characterized by hurricanes, glaze storm,
thunderstorm, blizzards, and tornados.

A.Technologic
B.Biologic
C.Geologic
D.Hydrometeoroligic
The Classification Schemes for Hazards
Biological hazards are of organic origin or conveyed by biological vectors, including
pathogenic microorganisms, toxins and bioactive substances. Examples are bacteria,
viruses or parasites, as well as venomous wildlife and insects, poisonous plants and
mosquitoes carrying disease-causing agents.

Environmental hazards may include chemical, natural and biological hazards. They can
be created by environmental degradation or physical or chemical pollution in the air,
water and soil. However, many of the processes and phenomena that fall into this
category may be termed drivers of hazard and risk rather than hazards in themselves, such
as soil degradation, deforestation, loss of biodiversity, salinization and sea-level rise.

Geological or geophysical hazards originate from internal earth processes. Examples are
earthquakes, volcanic activity and emissions, and related geophysical processes such as
mass movements, landslides, rockslides, surface collapses and debris or mud flows.
The Classification Schemes for Hazards
• Hydrometeorological hazards are of atmospheric, hydrological or oceanographic origin.
Examples are tropical cyclones (also known as typhoons and hurricanes); floods,
including flash floods; drought; heatwaves and cold spells; and coastal storm surges.
• Technological hazards originate from technological or industrial conditions, dangerous
procedures, infrastructure failures or specific human activities. Examples include
industrial pollution, nuclear radiation, toxic wastes, dam failures, transport accidents,
factory explosions, fires and chemical spills.
31. This hazard is characterized by mass movement, earthquake,
volcanic eruption and rapid sediment movement.

A.Atmospheric
B.Biologic
C.Geologic
D.Technologic
32. With the present state of technology, most geologic events cannot be prevented or even
predicted with any precision. Landslides are an exception: they can often be prevented. Areas
prone to such events can be identified as earthquake fault zones, active volcanoes, and coastal areas
susceptible to tsunamis. All are hazards caused by earthquake except:

A. ground shaking
B. landslide and liquefaction
C. surface faulting
D. mudflow
33. This area is both a major earthquake zone and volcanic
zone.

A.Pacific Ring of Volcanoes

B.Pacific Ring of Fire
C.Ocean Ring of Fire
D.Pacific Island Arc
34. These are showers of airborne fine- to coarse-grained
volcanic particles that fallout from the plumes of a volcanic
eruption

A. tephra fall 
B. lahar 
C. pyroclastic flows 
D. ballistic projectiles
Volcanic Eruption
• A volcanic eruption is when lava and gas are released from a volcano—sometimes
explosively.
• The term tephra defines all pieces of all fragments of rock ejected into the air by an
erupting volcano.
• A lahar is a hot or cold mixture of water and rock fragments that flow quickly down the
slopes of a volcano.
• A pyroclastic flow is a dense, fast-moving flow of solidified lava pieces, volcanic ash,
and hot gases.
• Ballistic projectiles are fragments of solid (blocks) or fluid (bombs) material ejected
during the range of magmatic or phreatic (steam) explosive eruptions.
35. Which of the following is the best way to mitigate from
all volcanic hazards?

A. cooling down lava by water 
B. evacuation 
C. bomb explosion
D. stay in your houses
36. It is an act strengthening the Philippine disaster risk reduction and management
system, providing for the national disaster risk reduction and management framework
and institutionalizing the national disaster risk reduction and management plan,
appropriating funds therefor and for other purposes.

A. Republic Act 10121

B. Republic Act 7610
C. Republic Act 10111
D. Republic Act 7210
37. It is the Philippine national institution dedicated to provide information on the activities
of volcanoes, earthquakes, and tsunamis, as well as other specialized information and
services primarily for the protection of life and property and in support of economic,
productivity, and sustainable development.

A. Red Cross
B. Disaster Risk Reduction
C. PHIVOLCS
D. PAG-ASA
38. For Hazard Identification, which of the following
agencies play a supportive role?
A. Scientific/research agencies
B. Special technical agencies
C. All of the above
D. None of the above
39. Which of the following should be done when the source
of fire is electrical appliances / electricity?

A. extinguish it with water

B. “stop, drop and roll”
C. switch off the main fused
D. cover the appliance with wet cloth
40. This refers to a depression or hole in the ground caused by some form of
collapse of the surface layer. Most are caused by karst processes—for
example, the chemical dissolution of carbonate rocks or suffusion processes.

A. sinkhole
B. landslide and liquefaction
C. surface faulting
D. mudflow