NEHRU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

T.M.PALAYAM, COIMBATORE-105
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

ME8594 DYNAMICS OF MACHINES

Module4 - Turning Moment Diagram and

Flywheel

Dr.VM.M.THILAK
1
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
 TMD
• The turning moment diagram – Crank effort
diagram
• Graphical representation - various positions
of the crank.
• It is plotted on Cartesian co-ordinates,
• crank angle as abscissa-(X axis).
• TM as Ordinate- ( Y axis).
TMD-SINGLE CYLINDER DOUBLE ACTING
STEAM ENGINE

DIAGRAM EXPLANATION
• -AT 0ᴼ - 90ᴼ - 180ᴼ-270ᴼ -
360ᴼ
• -ABC – OUT STROKE
• CDE-INSTROKE
• Below Tm – Deficient
energy
• Above Tm- Surplus energy
• Assumption- work done by
the turning moment per
revolution is = the work
done against the mean
resisting torque
 Explanation
• Accelerating torque on the rotating parts of
the engine is given by
T – Tmean

(T –Tmean) –positive- flywheel accelerates

(T – Tmean) –negative- flywheel retards.
TMD- APPLICATIONS

•Work done per cycle and power developed

•Mean torque and fluctuation of energy
•To find diameter of crank shaft
•Designing of fly wheel
TMD EXPLANATION
SINGLE CYLINDER FOUR STROKE IC ENGINE
MULTI CYLINDER ENGINE
Resultant TMD is the sum of TMD for
the three cylinders

Multi cylinder engines have less

fluctuation

First cylinder - high pressure cylinder

Second cylinder - intermediate cylinder

Third cylinder is the low pressure

cylinder

The cranks- 3 cylinders-placed at 120°

to each other.
FLY WHEEL EXPLANATION
Energy stored in Fly wheel

11
 Terms involved in FLY WHEEL
• Turning moment diagram – TMD

• Fluctuation of energy (E) & Maximum FoE -

ΔE

• Coefficient of fluctuation of energy- CE

• Maximum Fluctuation of speed- ΔS

• Coefficient of maximum fluctuation of

speed - Cs
12
FoE (E), Maximum FoE - (ΔE) & CFoE (CE)

ΔE = Iώ2Cs
Maximum fluctuation of speed(ΔS) and CFoS (CS)
PROBLEM NO:1

TO FIND DIAMETER AND CROSS SECTION OF RIM(WIDTH (b),

THICKNESS (t)
GIVEN IN
QUESTION
PROBLEM NO 2 ( ASSINGNMENT)
Problem No;3

To Find P and CS
WKT The area above and below mean torque line is
known as Maximum fluctuation of energy ▲E
PROBLEM NO 4 ( ASSINGNMENT)
 Problem No;5

To find 1) Mass of the rim of flywheel 2) Maximum and Minimum crank positions
 Objective Assessment 4
1) Crank effort diagram is a graphical representation of crank between
a) Crank angle in X-axis and Turning moment in Y-axis
b) Turning moment in X-axis and Crank angle in Y-axis
c) Crank angle in X-axis and Mean torque in Y-axis
d) None of the above

2) Fly wheel is a
a) Speed controlling device
b) Direction controlling device
c) Energy Storing Device
d) All the above

3) Multi cylinder engine has

a) High fluctuation of energy
b) Low fluctuation of energy
c) Surplus amount of energy
d) All the above

4)Maximum fluctuation of energy is denoted by

a) ΔE
b) CE
c) ΔS
d) Cs

5) The reciprocal of coefficient of fluctuation of speed is known as

a) Coefficient of energy
b) Coefficient of steadiness
c) Maximum fluctuation of energy 36
d) Work done per cycle
37