ELECTRICAL

ENERGY
ELECTRICITY
Electricity is the flow of electrical power or charge. Electricity is both a
basic part of nature and one of the most widely used forms of energy.

The electricity that we use is a secondary energy source because it is

produced by converting  sources of energy such as coal, natural gas,
nuclear energy, solar energy, and wind energy, into electrical power.

Electricity is also referred to as an energy carrier, which means it can

be converted to other forms of energy such as mechanical energy or
heat. Primary energy sources are renewable or nonrenewable energy,
but the electricity we use is neither renewable nor nonrenewable.
DIFFERENT PARTS OF ATOM
•PROTON- A proton is one of three main particles that
make up the atom. Protons are found in the nucleus of the
atom. This is a tiny, dense region at the center of the atom.
Protons have a positive electrical charge of one (+1) and a
mass of 1 atomic mass unit (amu), which is about
1.67×10−27 kilograms.
DIFFERENT PARTS OF ATOM
•NEUTRON- A neutron is a subatomic particle
found in the nucleus of every atom except that of
simple hydrogen. The particle derives its name
from the fact that it has no electrical charge; it is
neutral. Neutrons are extremely dense.
DIFFERENT PARTS OF ATOM
•ELECTRON- lightest stable subatomic
particle known. It carries a negative charge of
1.602176634 × 10−19 coulomb, which is considered
the basic unit of electric charge.
 HOW DO VOLTAGE, RESISTANCE AND
CURRENT RELATE TO EACH OTHER?
• The flow of electricity through an object, such as a wire, is known as the current (I). It is measured in
amps (A); if the current is very small then it is described in milli-amps (mA), 1000 mA = 1A. The
driving force (electrical pressure) behind the flow of a current is known as the voltage and is
measured in volts (V) (Voltage may also be referred to as the potential difference, or electromotive
force). The property of a material that limits current flow is known as its resistance (R), the unit of
resistance is the ohm (Ω). Resistance to alternating current is more properly called impedance but, in
this application, resistance and impedance can be considered to be equivalent.
• The relationship between current, voltage and resistance is expressed by Ohm’s Law. This states that
the current flowing in a circuit is directly proportional to the applied voltage and inversely proportional
to the resistance of the circuit, provided the temperature remains constant.
• Ohm’s Law:        Current (I) = Voltage (V) / Resistance (R)
• To increase the current flowing in a circuit, the voltage must be increased, or the resistance
decreased.