LESSON 4:

COMMUNICATION
MODELS
Communication models help identify and understand the components
and relationship of the communication process being studied. Models
represent new ideas and thought on various aspects of communication
which helps us to plan for effective communication system.
• Is the simplest model which states that there are only 3 elements involved
in communication; sender, message and receiver. The sender sends the
message and receiver sends it. There is no two way process.

• Aristotle already created this linear model before 300 BC, placing more

emphasis on public speaking than on interpersonal communication.
 Wendel Johnson Model of Communication

EVENT /SOURCE

SENSORY STIMULATION

Pre- verbal Neurophysiological State

Transformation of pre-verbal into

symbolic forms

Verbal Formulation
According to Romero and Eugenio, this model consists of the following
stages:

1. Event or source stimulation, external to the sensory organs of the speaker,

example is a panoramic view, load sounds, scent of perfume.

2. Sensory stimulation hearing, seeing, tasting and feeling

3. Pre-verbal neurophysiological state

4. Transformation of pre-verbal into symbolic forms

5. Verbal formulations in final draft for overt expression

• This model is primary physiologically based, not
interested in attitudes, social situations, speaker
skills or message organization rather in describing
the main elements of communication and in the
ways in which these elements would appear from a
physical point of view
DAVID BERLO’S SMCR MODEL OF COMMUNICATION
To summarize Berlo’s SMCR Model

• Berlo’s SMCR Model of Communication presents the communication process in its

simplest form. The model consists of four component that are each influenced by
different factors. To ensure the message is conveyed as effectively as possible, the
sender and the receiver must share some common ground.

• Communication skills play a crucial role in this. Other factors, such as culture,
knowledge and attitude are also vital. What may be considered rude in some cultures,
may be perfectly fine in others. Communication doesn’t always go as smoothly as one
would hope. Various problems, such as disruptions, noise and an asynchronous
process, may obstruct proper communication.