Basic Calculus

ENGR. OSCAR H. HALAMANI, JR.

Differential Calculus

 Higher Order Derivatives

 Higher Order Derivatives
Consider the function given by
y = f(x) = x5 - 3x4 + x
Its derivative f’(x) is given by
y’ = f’(x) = 5x4 - 12x3 + 1
The derivative function f’ can also be differentiated
We use the notation f” for the derivative (f’)’
That is: y” = f”(x) = [f’(x)]’ = d f’(x) = d2y
dx dx2
 Higher Order Derivatives
We call f” as the second derivative of f
For: y = f(x) = x5 - 3x4 + x
y’ = f’(x) = 5x4 - 12x3 + 1
y” = f”(x) = 20x3 - 36x2
Continuing this manner we have
y’” = f’”(x) = 60x2 - 72x
y”” = f””(x) = 120x - 72
y’”” = f’””(x) = 120
y””” = f”””(x) = 0
EXAMPLE : Determine the derivative of the following functions
1. y = 5x6 - 100, 4th derivative
xn => nxn-1
c => 0
y’ = 30x5
xn => nxn-1
y” = 150x4
xn => nxn-1
y’” = 600x3
xn => nxn-1
y”” = 1800x2 Ans.
2. y = 4x3 + 5x2 - 6x + 7, 4th derivative
xn => nxn-1
c => 0
y’ = 12x2 + 10x - 6
xn => nxn-1
c => 0
y” = 24x + 10
xn => nxn-1
c => 0
y’” = 24
y”” = 0 Ans.
3. y = 10x-6 - 15x4 + 20x-2 - 25, 3rd derivative
xn => nxn-1
c => 0
y’ = - 60x-7 - 60x3 - 40x-3
xn => nxn-1
y” = 420x-8 - 180x2 + 120x-4
xn => nxn-1
y’” = - 3360x-9 - 360x - 480x-5 Ans.
y’” = - 3360 - 360x - 480 Ans.
x9 x5
4. y = 20x9/2 + 32x3/4 - 50, 2nd derivative
xn => nxn-1
c => 0
y’ = 90x7/2 + 24x-1/4
xn => nxn-1
y” = 315x5/2 - 6x-5/4 Ans.
y” = 315x5/2 - 6 Ans.
x5/4
5. y = 4 sin 3x, 3rd derivative
u = 3x u’ = 3
sin u => cos u . u’
y’ = 4 (cos 3x).(3)
y’ = 12 cos 3x
cos u = - sin u . u’
y” = 12 (- sin 3x).(3)
y” = - 36 sin 3x
sin u => cos u . u’
y’” = - 36 (cos 3x).(3)
y’” = - 108 cos 3x Ans.
6. y = 5 tan 2x, 2nd derivative
u = 2x u’ = 2
tan u => sec 2 u . u’
y’ = 5 (sec 2 2x).(2)
y’ = 10 sec 2 2x
y’ = 10 (sec 2x) 2
u = sec 2xu’ = 2 sec 2x tan 2x
un => n u n-1 . u’
y” = 10 (2) (sec 2x) . (2 sec 2x tan 2x)
y” = 40 sec 2x sec 2x tan 2x
y” = 40 sec 2 2x tan 2x Ans.
7. y = 2 sec 5x, 2nd derivative
u = 5x u’ = 5
sec u => sec u tan u . u’
y’ = 2 (sec 5x tan 5x).(5)
y’ = 10 sec 5x tan 5x
u = 10 sec 5x v = tan 5x
u’ = 50 sec 5x tan 5xv’ = 5 sec 2 5x
u.v => uv’ + vu’
y” = 10 sec 5x (5 sec 2 5x) + tan 5x ( 50 sec 5x tan 5x)
y” = 50 sec 3 5x + 50 tan 2 5x sec 5x Ans.
8. y = 3 e 4x, 5th derivative
u = 4x u’ = 4
e u => e u . u’
y’ = 3 e 4x . 4
y’ = 12 e 4x
u = 4x u’ = 4
e u => e u . u’
y” = 12 e 4x . 4
y” = 48 e 4x
u = 4x u’ = 4
e u => e u . u’
y’” = 48 e 4x . 4
y’” = 192 e 4x
u = 4x u’ = 4
e u => e u . u’
y”” = 192 e 4x . 4
y”” = 768 e 4x
u = 4x u’ = 4
e u => e u . u’
y’”” = 768 e 4x . 4
y’”” = 3072 e 4x Ans.
9. y = e x^3, 2nd derivative
u = x3 u’ = 3x2
e u => e u . u’
y’ = e x^3 . 3x2
y’ = 3x2 e x^3
u = 3x2 v = e x^3
u’ = 6x v’ = 3x2 e x^3
u.v => uv’ + vu’
y” = 3x2 (3x2 e x^3) + 6x e x^3
y” = 9x4 e x^3 + 6x e x^3 Ans.
10. y = ln 7x, 2nd derivative
u = 7x u’ = 7
ln u => u’/ u
y’ = 7 = 1
7x x
y’ = x-1
xn => nxn-1
y” = (-1)x-2
y” = - x-2 Ans.
y” = -1 Ans.
x2
11. y = ln (7x + 1), 2nd derivative
u = 7x + 1 u’ = 7
ln u => u’/ u
y’ = 7 .
7x + 1
y’ = 7(7x + 1)-1
u = 7x + 1 u’ = 7n = -1
un => nun-1 . u’
y” = 7(-1)(7x+1)-2 . (7)
y” = -49(7x+1)-2 Ans.
y” = - 49 Ans.
(7x + 1)2
12. y = tan -1 6x, 2nd derivative
u = 6x u’ = 6
tan -1 u => u’/ (1 + u2)
y’ = 6 = 6 .
1 + (6x)2 1 + 36x2
y’ = 6 (1 + 36x2)-1
u= 1 + 36x2 u’ = 72x
un => nun-1 . u’
y” = 6(-1)(1 + 36x2)-2 . ( 72x)
y” = - 432x (1 + 36x2)-2 Ans.
y” = - 432x Ans
(1 + 36x2)2
Is there any Question?
Assignment: Determine the derivative of the ff. functions.
1. y = 8x5 - 2021, 5th derivative
2. y = x5 - 3x4 + 6x3 - 9x2 + 12x - 15, 4th derivative
3. y = 2x-2 + 4x4 - 6x-3 + 8x2 + 10, 3rd derivative
4. y = 5 cos 4x, 3rd derivative
5. y = 3 tan 3x, 2nd derivative
6. y = 6 csc x, 2nd derivative
7. y = 4 e2x, 4th derivative
8. y = -5 e3x^2, 2nd derivative
9. y = 7 ln 7x, 2nd derivative
10. y = -3 cot 2x, 2nd derivative
 Next Meeting?

Implicit Differentiation