Physics - Key Stage 4 - Forces

Moments and Levers

Mr Saville
 State what moments are

Calculate moments

Explain how levers work

Complete your exit quiz

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Equipment List

Pen Ruler

Paper Calculator

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Moments

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Moments
The turning effect of a force is called the moment of the force.

5 Credit: no attribution required

Moments

Pivot

Weight

6 Credit: no attribution required

Moments

Moment of a force = force x distance

M=Fxd

Moment of a force (Nm)

Force (N)
Distance (m)

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What is a moment?

The turning effect of a force The spinning effect of a The speeding up of a force
force

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How can we increase the size of a moment?

Move the force closer to the Move the force further away Move the force up
pivot from the pivot

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How can we increase the size of a moment?

Increase the size of the force Decrease the size of the Remove the force
force

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How do we calculate a moment?

M=F+d M=F/d M=Fxd

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Moments - I Do
A force of 30 N is applied to a door, 0.2 m from the pivot. Calculate the moment
of the force

Values 30 N 0.2 m

Equation M=Fxd

Substitute M = 30 x 0.2

Rearrange -

Answer 6

Units Nm

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Moments - We Do
A force of 100 N is applied to a bolt, 0.5 m from the pivot. Calculate the
moment of the force

Values 100 N 0.5 m

Equation M=Fxd

Substitute M = 100 x 0.5

Rearrange -

Answer 50

Units Nm

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Independent Practice - You Do
1) A force of 60 N is applied to a door, 0.4 m from the pivot. Calculate the moment of the force
2) A force of 623 N is applied to a car wheel that is 0.3 m from the pivot. Calculate the moment of the
force. Give your answer to 3 significant numbers.
3) A crane applies a 7 kN force on a load that is 50m from the pivot. Calculate the moment of the force.
4) A boy with a weight of 700 N sits on a seesaw 120 cm away from the pivot. Calculate the moment of the
force.
5) A force of 1.2 kN is applied on a load that is 234 cm away from the pivot. Calculate the moment of the
force.

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Independent Practice - Answers
1) A force of 60 N is applied to a door, 0.4 m from the pivot. Calculate the moment of the force 60 x 0.4 =
24 Nm
2) A force of 623 N is applied to a car wheel that is 0.3 m from the pivot. Calculate the moment of the
force. Give your answer to 3 significant numbers. 623 x 0.3 = 187 Nm
3) A crane applies a 7 kN force on a load that is 50m from the pivot. Calculate the moment of the force.
7000 x 50 = 350000 Nm
4) A boy with a weight of 700 N sits on a seesaw 120 cm away from the pivot. Calculate the moment of the
force. 700 x 1.2 = 840 Nm
5) A force of 1.2 kN is applied on a load that is 234 cm away from the pivot. Calculate the moment of the
force. 1200 x 2.34 = 2808 Nm

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Moments - I Do
A force of 2000 N is applied by a crane and creates 40000 Nm moment.
Calculate the distance from the pivot.

Values 2000 N 40000 Nm

Equation M=Fxd

Substitute 40000 = 2000 x d

Rearrange d = 40000 / 2000

Answer 20

Units m

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Moments - We Do
A crane creates a 35000 Nm moment when the load is 5 m away from the
pivot. Calculate the force.

Values 35000 Nm 5 m

Equation M=Fxd

Substitute 35000 = F x 5

Rearrange F = 35000 / 5

Answer 7000

Units N

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Independent Practice - Answers
1) A crane carries a load of 1000 N and creates a moment of 12000 Nm. Calculate the perpendicular
distance of the load from the pivot.

2) A fork-lift truck with a load of 3 kN causes a moment of 6000 Nm. Calculate the distance from the
pivot.

3) A spanner tightens a bolt with a moment of 240 Nm. Calculate the force needed to loosen the bolt when
you hold the spanner 40 cm away from the pivot.

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Independent Practice - Answers
1) A crane carries a load of 1000 N and creates a moment of 12000 Nm. Calculate the perpendicular
distance of the load from the pivot.

12000 / 1000 = 12 m

2) A fork-lift truck with a load of 3 kN causes a moment of 6000 Nm. Calculate the distance from the
pivot.

6000 / 3000 = 2 m

3) A spanner tightens a bolt with a moment of 240 Nm. Calculate the force needed to loosen the bolt when
you hold the spanner 40 cm away from the pivot.

240 / 0.4 = 600 N

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Balancing Moments

Anti-clockwise Clockwise
moment moment

Moment (anti-clockwise) = Moment (clockwise)

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For an object to be balanced:

Left side moment = Right Clockwise moment = Clockwise moment is larger

side moment Anticlockwise moment than anticlockwise moment

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 Weight = 500 N 2m

5m

Weight = 200 N

I do -Is this crane balanced?

Clockwise Moment = Anticlockwise Moment

22 Credit: no attribution required

 Weight = 500 N 2m

5m

Weight = 200 N

Anticlockwise Clockwise

Force x perpendicular distance Force x perpendicular distance

= 500 x 2 = 200 x 5

= 1000 Nm Crane is balanced = 1000 Nm

23 Credit: no attribution required

 Weight = 300 N 1m

4m

Weight = 100 N

You do: Is this crane balanced?

Clockwise Moment = Anticlockwise Moment

Clockwise Moment = 100 x 4 = 400 Nm Crane is not balanced

Anticlockwise Moment = 300 x 1 = 300 Nm

24 Credit: no attribution required

 I do - The crane is balanced. The weight of the counterweight is
250 N. What is the weight of the load?

counterweight

2m
5m Clockwise moment = Anticlockwise moment​
Force x distance = Force x distance
250 N
Weight x 5 = 250 x 2​
Weight x 5 = 500 ​
Load
Weight x 5 ÷ 5 = 500 ÷ 5
Weight ? Weight = 100 N

Credit: no attribution required

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 You do - The crane is balanced. The weight of the counterweight
is 2000 N. What is the weight of the load?

counterweight

5m
10 m Clockwise moment = Anticlockwise moment​
Force x distance = Force x distance
2000N
Weight x 10 = 2000 x 5​
Weight x 10 = 10000 ​
Load
Weight x 10÷ 10 = 10000 ÷ 10
Weight ? Weight = 1000 N

Credit: no attribution required

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Levers

Levers are force multipliers

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Levers

Levers are force multipliers

100 N
Moment = 100 Nm Moment = 100 Nm

1m 5m
20 N

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Which on the following is in a lever?

A spring A pivot A distance

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A lever can transmit what effect on a force?

A vertical effect A horizontal effect A rotational effect

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Levers act as a:

Force multiplier Force subtractor Force decreaser

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How can we increase the force on a load using a
lever

Increase the distance of the Increase the distance Decrease the distance
load from the pivot between the pivot and the between the pivot and the
effort
effort

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 Question from OCR, J249/01, Paper
1, June 2018
Exam style question

Answers have not been seen or verified by OCR

33
 Question taken from OCR, J249/03,
Paper 3, June 2018

Answers have not been seen or verified by OCR

34
 Question taken from OCR, J249/03,
Paper 3, June 2018

35 Answers have not been seen or verified by OCR

 Question taken from OCR, J249/03,
Paper 3, June 2018

36 Answers have not been seen or verified by OCR

Review

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