STRUCTURAL

APPROACH
: Serrano, Nerelle Jane ; Leygo, Farah Gillian
Botiwtiw, Anjhelleigh Ken ; Orasing, Samantha Mae.
GAME TIME
HOW TO SCORE
CATEGORY POINT

Name of a character Scarecrow

Player 1
Once the timer is finished, the players will recite their
1 answers and if two or more of them have similar
answers in the same category, that answer will be CATEGORY POINT
marked X. Player 2
Name of a character Scarecrow

Only unique answers per category will get a check mark

2
and have a corresponding point.
Player 3 CATEGORY POINT

Name of a character Dorothy

Player 4
THE STRUCTURAL APPROACH TEACHES
ALL FOUR CENTRAL LANGUAGE SKILLS:

1. Listening
2. Speaking
3. Reading
4. Writing
Structural
Approach
Structuralism
History of Structuralism
 History of Structuralism
• Began its movement in the 1950s in France.

• Origin is rooted in the word of swish linguist Ferdinand de Saussure

(1857-1913) in the earliest 20th century.

⚬ He was regarded as the 'Father of Structuralism' commonly in

linguistics.
 History of Structuralism
• Developed in opposition to the perception of reality to a representational
and structural defendant one.

• Emerged from theories of language and linguistics where it looks at the

underlying elements and structures in culture and literature that can be
used as a channel to further interpret the surface meaning of the text or
ideas.
Structuralism
 STRUCTURALISM
• Method of interpretation and analysis of aspects
of human cognition, behavior, culture, and
experience

• Focuses on relationships of contrast between

elements in a conceptual system that reflect
patterns underlying a superficial diversity.
Structural
Approach
• Structural approach is the discovery of the true meaning of a
work by giving attention to the form or structure, elements
and literary devices operating in it.

• Scrutinizes the plot and conflict of the story.

• Analyzes the work as a whole, the form of each individual

scenes and chapters, the characters, settings, tone, point of
view, theme, and all other literary elements and devices such
as imagery.
• This studies how the elements work together to form unity
and to give meaning to a text.

• Examines a text exclusively as a self-contained object in

isolation from the world, biographical information about
the author, or the text’s effect on the reader.
• Does not concern the historical events outside of the story,
social, cultural, religious nor political ideas.

• Emphasizes the value of the text as an entity in itself.

STRENGTHS:
• Enables us to approach texts historically or
trans-culturally in a disciplined way.

WEAKNESSES:
• It is difficult to know who controls the
meaning.
• Readers look only at the linguistic structure
and is not permitted to
have emotional attachment to the text.
3 BASIC TENETS:
1. LANGUAGE HAS STRUCTURE
⚬ Literary texts have systems that under line
them
￭ Sign

2. LANGUAGE IS RELATIONAL
⚬ Concepts or ideas cannot be described in
isolation.
￭ Binary Opposition
￭ Paradigmatic Chain
3 BASIC TENETS:

3. LANGUAGE IS CONSTITUTIVE
⚬ Constitutes or creates the world we live in.
￭ Codes and Conventions (Culture)
￭ Language and Parole
￭ Genre (Literary Texts)
DEFENITION OF
TERMS
TERMINOLOGIES:
Literary Criticism
- different perspectives we can consider in
analyzing or interpreting a text.

Critique (verb)
- to critically evaluate, analyze or give careful
judgment in which you give your opinion about a
literary work.
TERMINOLOGIES:
Critique (noun)
- detailed evaluation or analysis of a literary
piece.

Critic
- a person who judges, evaluates or analyzes
a literary piece.

Character
- person, animal, being, creature or anything
personified in a story.
TERMINOLOGIES:
Setting
- place, time, and atmosphere of a story.

Tone
- overall emotion conveyed by both the choices
of words, theme, sensory images, symbolism
and the narrator of the story such as suspenseful,
affectionate, happy or sad.
TERMINOLOGIES:
Point of View
- answers the question “Who is telling the
story?”

Types:
• First person - uses either of the two pronouns
“I” or “We”
• Second person - story is told to “You”
• Third person - uses pronouns “They”, “She”,
“He”, “It” or a name.
TERMINOLOGIES:
Theme
- author’s message to the readers.

Imagery
- consists of descriptive language to create
images in the mind of the readers through their
senses.
EXAMPLE
 "Dead Stars" was a narrative story,
STRUCTURE:
published from a third-person
perspective. In the third person, the
author informs the tale.
POV
The tale utilizes the tone of the
third person and is put at the
FORSHA-
DOWING
beginning of the 1900s. The tale is
placed in the Philippines buildings of
Don Julian and Judge Del Valle. It
Types of Conflict:
He battled with himself as he's been caught
doing the correct thing and doing the correct thing
in his soul. He also struggled against society
because he was afraid of the reaction of people
around him. People often attempt to conform to
their society's standards, traditions, and culture,
although conformity sometimes forces them to give
a portion of themselves- an attitude, an impulse, or a
choice. He even fought against his destiny and the
Symbolism:
Deadlights stand for current yet unspoken
issues. Although it initially appeared that Alfredo
and Julia's relationship was sincere, as time goes
on, their love for one another fades away like a
disillusioned dead star, reminding us of a time that
is no longer present. Because of his lack of youth,
he doesn't perceive any differences between her
and the person he has thought of her to be all these
years. The delusion he had been living under all
Theme:

Paz Marquez Benitez's short story "Dead

Stars" passes on the subject of prohibited love. It
says prohibited love is just obvious, and its banes
frequent to an individual until he understands his
deficiencies. The hidden topic is responsibility, as
the story demonstrates that Alfredo is focused on
marrying Esperanza and people anticipate that he
should wed her.
THE BASIC PRINCIPLE UNDERLYING
THE APPROACH IS:
Language is speech, not writing.
SUMMARY
ACTIVITY TIME
M u s t b e a c l o s e o r c a r e fu l
reader who examines all
the elements of a text
individually to discover
h o w t h e y f o r m a n o rg a n i c
u n i t y.
Questions how
they come
together to create
a work of art.
Looks beyond the work by
reading the author’s life, or
literary style.
Examines the work’s
historical
background and
condition of the
society.
Allows the text
to reveal itself.
Analyzes how the
elements work
together to form the
unity of structure and
to give meaning to
the text.
Achieves
understanding of the
text by looking
inside it, not outside
nor beyond.
Studies how the text’s
influences or figures
out similarity with
other works.
 Takes the elements
distinct and separate
from each other.
Scrutinizes the point of view,
structure, symbols, tone,
theme and other elements or
literary devices.
QUIZ TIME
IDENTIFICATION
 Shows the true meaning of a
work by giving attention to the
form or structure, elements and
literary devices.
Which among the elements of
a short story refers to the
perspective of the character or
narrator telling the story?
He was regarded as the 'Father
of Structuralism'
To evaluate, analyze or give
careful judgement in which
you give you opinion about a
literary work.
Person, animal, being,
creature, or anything
personified in a story.
Detailed analyzation of a
literary piece.
 Consists of descriptive
language to create images in
the mind of the readers
through their senses.
Overall emotions conveyed in
a literary work by the use of
the combined elements.
ENUMERATION
How many basic Tenets were
there? Enumerate.
 What are the four central
language skills that structural
approach teaches?
What is the basic principle
underlying the structural
approach?
TRUE OR FALSE
 Structural approach concerns
the historical events outside of
the story.
 The theory was developed in
accordance of reality to a
representational and structural
defendant one.
Structural approach studies
how the elements work
together to form unity.
One of its strengths is that it
lets the reader look at the
linguistic structure.