AIR POLUTION CONTROL

METHODS AND EQUIPMENT

N.JAYAREKHA
 List of topics
 wet Scrubbers
• Spray Towers
• Centrifugal Scrubbers
• Packed Beds Ands Plate Columns
• Venturi Scrubbers
Wet Scrubbers
 wet scrubbers are air pollution control devices for
removing particles and gases from industrial exhaust
stream
 It is operated by introducing the dirty gas stream with a
scrubbing liquid as water, then the gases are collected in
the scrubbing liquid
 wet scrubbers are usually the most appropriate air
pollution control device for collecting both, particulate and
gas in a single system alone
 It relays on the liquid spray to remove dust particles from
gas streams , it is also used for the fume absorption
hence it is very useful in fume extraction system .
 The low energy scrubbers such as spray towers are most
often used to handle particles largely above 5- 10μm
,higher energy such as venturi scrubbers are very effective
less than 3μm
Spray towers
 The simplest type of wet
scrubber is spray tower into
which water is introduced by
means of spray nozzles.
 The polluted gas flows
upwards and the particle
collection results because of
inertial impaction and
interception on the droplets.
Centrifugal Scrubers

 The collection efficiency for particles smaller than those

recovered in spray towers can be increased through the
use of centrifugal scrubber.
 The simplest type of centrifugal scrubber can be
constructed by inserting banks of nozzles inside a
conventional dry cyclone
 The particle cut diameter for centrifugal spray scrubbers
is between 2μm and 3μm.
Packed Beds Ands Plate Columns
 packed bed and plate columns well known to chemical
engineers as absorbers, can also be used to scrub
particulate matter from polluted gases.
 In atypical counter current-flow packed scrubbers the
polluted gas stream moves upwards and comes into contact
withthe scrubbing liquid strean which is moving downward
over the packed bed.
 packed towers can be choosen for scrubbing particles that
are soluble in the scrubbing liquid, otherwise the packings
will encounter the plugging problem.
 The baffle plate scrubbers , the gas stream is passed
through a flooded plate .
 The baffles are suited directly above each perforation plate
on to which the gas jet is impinged .
 in impingement type scrubbers the super ficial velocities are
5 times the velocities generally used for mass transfer
operations .
Venturi Scrubbers
 Venturi scrubbers offer high performance collection of fine
particles, usually smaller than 2 to 3 um in diameter.
 They are particularly suitable when the particulate matter is
sticky, flammable, or highly corrosive. The high performance
of the venturi scrubbers is achieved by accelerating the gas
stream to very high velocities, of the order of 60-120 m/s.
 The droplets accelerate in the throat section and due to the
velocity difference between the particles and the droplets the
particles are impacted against the slow-moving droplets.
 The gas- liquid mixture is then directed to a separation
device such as a cyclone separator where the droplets
carrying the particulate matter are separated from the gas
stream.
THANK YOU