Antifungal Activity Assessment of Coleus

scutellaroides leaves Ethanolic Extract against

Erysiphe cichoracearum (powdery mildew) in
ornamental plants through SADs (Standard Area
Diagrams)

( Siesta Sand, n.d ) ( Garden Design, n.d )

A Research made by the Agriculture Group
Objectives of the Study

• This study aims to determine if the leaves of Coleus plants can be a

potent and sustainable alternative to chemical fungicides against
powdery mildew.

• This study also aims to determine at what concentration and

frequency of Coleus ethanolic extract is effective as a fungicide.
Objectives of the Study

• The purpose of the study is to determine the effectiveness of the

extract in inhibiting the growth and development of powdery
mildew on ornamental plants, as well as to establish the optimal
concentration of the extract for this purpose. The results of the study
will provide valuable insights into the potential use of Coleus
scutellaroides leaves ethanolic extract as a natural and eco-friendly
alternative to synthetic fungicides for controlling powdery mildew
in ornamental plants.
 Background of the Study
According to the International Association of Horticultural
Producers:
• the Philippine Ornamental Plant Industry is rising at a 'fast
rate'
• this is due to increased purchasing power of the population
and the growing demand which started during the pandemic

The government strongly supports agrotourism:

• many farms have been converted to agrotourism sites
• there is a growing demand for vegetable seedlings and
ornamental plants for this areas
(The ornamentals industry in the Philippines is flourishing, 2022)

( extensionAUS, n.d )
 Background of the Study

According to GW research, the Philippine flower and ornamental

plants market size is expected to grow during 2022-2028.
• However, it is faced with challenges. One of which is lack of
reliable supply since growers encounter problems that affect
the quality of the plants due to diseases.
• There is a need for a sustainable treatment for these diseases.

( 6Wresearch, 2022)

( UC ANR, n.d )
 Introduction

• Powdery mildew is a common problem among

vegetable crops and ornamental plants in our region.
It is an obligate parasite growing principally on the
foliage of plants. (Matea et al.,1980)

• This leads to significant damage resulting to

reduction in yield especially when all the leaves are
covered with mildew colonies. (Quebral et
al.,1977)
( Front Poarch News, 2020 )
 Introduction

• In a study on the effect of powdery mildew on interleaf microbial

communities, it is noted that this common fungal disease seriously
jeopardizes the value of numerous species of crops. (Xinbo Ma et
al.,2023)

• It is documented that it is a factor limiting maize production

extensively in Taiwan, Indonesia, Thailand and the Philippines as
well. (Exconde, n. d)
 Introduction
• In the journal article entitled Field
Evaluation of different Fungicides
against Powdery mildew, six fungicides
were tested against it. (Guerrero et
al.,1994)
⚬3 were ineffective
⚬2 were moderately effective
⚬1 was effective - Sulfur
 Introduction
• Although effective against powdery mildew,
⚬ Sulfur as pesticide can also kill insects that are beneficial pollinators

⚬Sulfur increases the soil’s acidity which is problematic for other plants
⚬Even though Sulfur has low toxicity to humans, it can irritate the skin and
eyes and can lead to bronchial constriction if the spray is inhaled.
⚬Sulfur must never be burned. Gas with Sulfur (Sulfur dioxide) can mix with
moisture on plants to form an acid that can damage plant leaves.
-( National Pesticide Information Center, n.d )
 Rationale
This study is being conducted because:

• Powdery mildew infestation of crops and ornamental plants is a

prevalent problem in our province and significantly affects the
livelihood of local farmers by decreasing their yield or produce.

2. As of the moment, there is no available safe, organic

and cheap treatment for this problem in the market.
 Rationale

3. An effective treatment can translate into more financial returns for

our local farmers and thus, a better economy since a big percentage of
our nation’s income comes from agriculture.

4. There are no studies on fungicide plants used as treatment against

powdery mildew only studies on their effectiveness on human fungal
infection.

5.Powdery Mildew has been found to be resistant to some fungicides,

thus a need to explore other alternative treatments
 SOURCES/
REFERENCES:
• Exconde, O. R. ( n.d ).Chemical Control of Maize Downy Mildew. JIRCAS.
jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/publication/tars/tars8-_157-163.pdf

• Gent, D. H., James, D. G., Wright, L. C., Brooks, D. J., Barbour, J. D., Dreves, A. J., Fisher, G. C., & Walton, V. M.
(2009). Effects of powdery mildew fungicide programs on twospotted spider mite (Acari: Tetranychidae), hop aphid
(Hemiptera: Aphididae), and their natural enemies in hop yards. Journal of economic entomology, 102(1), 274–286.
https://doi.org/10.1603/029.102.0137

• Guerro, M. A. & Martes, N. ( 1994 ). Field Evaluation of Different fungicides against powdery mildew
( Di'dium tangitanium ) of citrus. AGRIS. agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do? record ID=PH199801077

• Ma, X., Wang, Z., Liu, R., & Jiang, Y. ( 2023, February 1 ). Effect of powdery mildew on interleaf microbial
communities and leaf antioxidant enzyme systems. Journal of Forestry Research. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-023-
01597-3
 SOURCES/
REFERENCES:
• Nadayao, M.M. ( 1980 ). Studies on powdery mildew of tomato in the Philippines. DOST SCINET-PHIL.
http://scinet.science.ph/union/ShowSearchResult.php?
s=2&f=&p=&x=&page=&sid=1&id=Studies+on+powdery+mildew+of+tomato+in+the+Philippines&Mtype=THESES

• Omer, M. A., Locke, J. C., & Krause, C. R. (2005 ).ARS Research on Powdery Mildew of Greenhouse Crops. USDA.
ars.usda.gov/ARSUserFiles/50820500/Publications/Omer187468_2005_PM.pdf

• Peronsclerospora philippinesis. ( n.d. ). Wikipedia. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peronsclerospora_philippinesis

• Powdery Mildew on vegetables. ( n.d ). UCIPM. impm.ucanr.edu/PMG/PESTNOTES/pn7406.html

• Quebral, F.C. (1978). Powdery Mildew and Cercospora leaf spot of mungbean in the Philippines. World Vegetable Center.
Worldveg.tindi.io/record/8215?In=en
 SOURCES/
REFERENCES:
• 6Wresearch. ( 2022, December ). Philippines Flower And Ornamental Plants Market (2022-2028) | Outlook, Forecast, Analysis,Revenue,
Growth, Industry, Size, Share, Trends, Value, Segmentation & COVID-19 IMPACT.https://www.6wresearch.com/industry-report/philippines-
flower-and-ornamental-plants-market-2020-2026

• The ornamentals industry in the Philippines is flourishing. ( 2022, May 19 ). floral daily.
https://www.floraldaily.com/article/9425507/the-ornamentals-industry-in-the-philippines-is-flourishing/

• Zhang, S., Mersha, Z., Vallad, G. E., & Huang, C. H. (2016). Management of Powdery Mildew in Squash by Plant and Alga Extract
Biopesticides. The plant pathology journal, 32(6), 528–536. https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.OA.05.2016.0131
 SO WHAT IS THE TAKEAWAY?
SUSTAINABILITY IS THE WAY TO GO...
GOING BACK TO OUR ROOTS...AND
TAKING CARE OF NATURE...OUR
LIFELINE...OUR GIFT...OUR BLESSING
FROM GOD. LET US BE GOOD
STEWARDS OF MOTHER EARTH...IT IS
OUR GOD-GIVEN DUTY AND
RESPONSIBILITY... THANK YOU ALL
AND GOOD DAY!
 Thank for listening!

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ith!

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