Immune System

Learning Objectives:
• describe the immune system, its
purpose, and its constituent parts;
• determine the parts and functions
of immune system; how the
immune system fight/prevent the
most common diseases; and
• how to take care the immune
system.
 What is the Immune
• System?
A complex network of cells, tissues, organs, and
the substances they produce that aids the body
in its fight against infections and other
LOREM IPSUM DOLOR
diseases. Our immune system is a large
network of organs, white blood cells, proteins
(antibodies) and chemicals. This system works
together to protect you from foreign invaders
(bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi) that
cause infection, illness and disease.
The Parts and
Functions of the
Immune System
 Parts of the
Immune System:
white blood cells,
antibodies, tonsils,
lymphatic vessels,
thymus, appendix,
adenoids, spleen, bone
marrow, lymph nodes,
and skin.
The immune system consists of a range of
components, including:
FOUR
• white blood cells (leukocytes)
• the spleen
• the bone marrow
• the lymphatic system
• the thymus
• the tonsils, adenoids, and appendix
The functions of each parts of
the Immune System:
• The thymus: A gland behind the
breastbone, where white blood cells
known as lymphocytes mature.
• The spleen: An organ at the upper left
of the abdomen where immune cells
gather and work.
• Bone marrow: Soft tissue in the
center of the bones that produces red
and white blood cells.
• Lymph nodes: These are small, bean-
shaped glands throughout the body,
especially in the neck, underarms,
groin, and abdomen. They link via
lymphatic vessels. Immune cells gather
in lymph nodes and react when
antigens are present. This can lead to
swelling.
• The tonsils, adenoids, and appendix:
These are gateways for pathogens to
enter the body, so lymphoid tissue is
also there.
 How does the immune
system work?
• Our immune system protects our body
from pathogens, harmful chemicals, and
cell changes that could make us sick. It is
composed of various cells, organs, and
proteins. As long as our immune system
is functioning normally, we're not aware
of its presence.
 How does the immune
system work?

• However, you become ill if it is unable to

function properly due to weakness or an
inability to repel particularly virulent germs.
Germs that your body has never encountered
before are also more likely to make you sick.
You will only become ill the first time you
come into contact with some germs.
 How does the Immune System
fight illness/diseases?

• Generally speaking, your body fights

disease by keeping foreign
substances out of your body. Your
skin and other physical barriers are
your body's main line of defense
against pathogenic microbes.
6 ways on how to boost our
Immune System:
1. Stay up-to-date on recommended
vaccines.
2. Maintain a healthy diet.
3. Exercise regularly.
4. Eat healthy foods
5. Get enough sleep.
6. Minimize stress.
 References:
• Newman, Tim. “The Immune System: Cells, Tissues, Function, and
Disease.” The Immune System: Cells, Tissues, Function, and
Disease, 14 July 2022,
www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320101.
• Brown, Irish. “Immune System | NIH.” Immune System | NIH, 12
Feb. 2022, clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/immune-system.
• Zcerch, Merrilyn. “https://www.google.com/url?
sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.cdc.gov/
healthyschools/bam/pdf/
oadlssissue1_immunologist_final_tag508.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwjYur
OYguf8AhU1j-
YKHfNnCBkQFnoECAkQBQ&usg=AOvVaw1X6RHWrGy8m3lJ-
S92kM3e.” Ask a Scientist: How Does My Body Fight Disease?, 18
Sept. 2021.
THANK YOU!