STATE AND

NATION
STATE
STATE

• A State is a community of persons, more or less

numerous, permanently occupying a definite
portion of territory, independent of external
control, and possessing an organized government
to which the great body of inhabitants render
habitual obedience
ELEMENTS OF STATE

1. People
2. Territory
3. Government
4. Sovereignty
 PEOPLE

• refers to the inhabitants or population of a particular

territory. There is no specific number required in terms of
the population. It is only given emphasis that the population
must be sufficient. That it is enough to ensure a permanence
of existence but not too much that it is difficult to govern.
TERRITORY

• Refers to the place where the people that compose

the state are located and includes the land, natural
resources and air space located within it.
GOVERNMENT

• The institution empowered by the people to control

and administer the state
• It is through the government that the will of the
state is expressed and realized.
SOVEREIGNTY

• The ability of the state to conduct its affairs and

enact its authority without interference from outside
forces.
a. internal sovereignty
b. external sovereignty
a. internal sovereignty – the ability of the state to
govern and control its people and territory
b. external sovereignty – the freedom from outside
influences or foreign intervention
 RECOGNITION
• A community may have all the requisites for a state to exist. It
may already have its people, a territory, a government and
sovereignty, however, until it is recognized, it shall remain to
be only a de facto state. It has to be a member of the family of
nations, that is, nations that recognize each other. To become a
member of this family or circle of nations the de facto must be
recognized. Recognition then refers to the act, made by the
family of nations that renders a state its international status.
NATION
NATION

• A nation is society of inhabitants of a specific

geographic region united and bound together by a
common racial ancestry, the same language and
culture, historical past, laws and a shared interests
and sentiments over the passing of many years.
NATION

• A large group of people who share common

characteristics such as language, traditions, and
ethnicity.
 ELEMENTS OF A NATION

• Common territory • common history

• common race • common culture and
• common religion • common political aspirations
• common language
• Using a venn diagram, compare and contrast STATE and
NATION by arranging the following words/phrases.

STATE NATION
• Population • Can exist without sovereignty
• United by laws and regulations • Cannot exist without
• A political-legal entity sovereignty
• A socio-cultural entity • Government

• United by bonds and shared • Territory

history