BING4316 English Morpho-Syntax – Inisiasi

MORPHOLOGICAL PROCESSES
& WORD FORMATION

Prepared by:
Suko Raharjo (paksukopolines@gmail.com)
Widyasari (wiwid@ecampus.ut.ac.id)
MORPHOLOGICAL PROCESSES
& WORD FORMATION

• Morphological processes
• Word formation
• Word coinage
 1. MORPHOLOGICAL PROCESSES

Key points
• What is a morphological
process?
• How are the different
types of MORPHEMES • Definition of
identified? morphological
processes
• Morpheme analysis

Key questions
 A MORPHOLOGICAL PROCESS

• is the process by which a word is adjusted to conform to a certain

context. To put it simply, it is the process of changing the form and
function of a word to fit a context, sometimes to the extent of
changing the meaning and/or grammatical function.
• is a process whereby new words are created via adding other
morphemes in the beginning, middle, end, or around the root or the
stem.
• defines different ways of building words, the two principal ones
being inflection and word-formation, and in turn derivation, and
compounding.
 Morphological processes

Inflection Word-Formation

Derivational Compounding
 Root Stem Base

Image source: http://web.mnstate.edu/houtsli/tesl551/Morphology/page4.htm

 2. WORD FORMATION

• What is WORD Key points

FORMATION?
• How are WORDS
constructed? • Definition of
word formation
• Word structure
Key questions
 WORD FORMATION

• is the way of creating new words by adding affixes and using the
existing words. According to O'Grady and Archibald (2016), types
of word formation are inflection, derivation, cliticization, suppletion,
compounding, conversion, blending, clipping, and acronyms and
initialisms.
• is the processes through which words can change (i.e. morphology),
or the creation of new lexemes in a particular language.
• is the ways in which new words are formed on the basis of other
words or morphemes. This is also known as derivational
morphology.
 DERIVATION
AFFIXATION
INFLECTION
COMPOUNDIN
G

BLENDING
Word Formation
COINAGE

ACRONYM

CLIPPING
 3. WORD COINAGE
Key question
Key points

What is WORD COINAGE?

• Definition of
word coinage
• Examples
 WORD COINAGE

• is a word formation process, not a morphological process.

• is the word formation process in which a new word is
created either deliberately or accidentally without using the
other word formation processes and often from seemingly
nothing.
• also called invention, is a process by which new words are
invented. Popular trademark names of various products are
adopted so extensively that they become the everyday
words of language.
 EXAMPLES OF “COINED” WORDS

Some common coinages found in everyday English:

Aspirin Escalator
Google Kerosene
Videotape Margarine
Nylon Xerox
Vaseline Zipper