SS005:

THE LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL

 CHAPTER 1
Advent of a National Hero
Jose Rizal was ranked with the worlds
geniuses. He was a physician, poet, dramatist,
essayist, novelist, historian, architect, painter,
sculptor, educator, linguist, musician,
naturalist, ethnologist, surveyor, engineer,
farmer businessman, economist, geographer,
cartographer, bibliophile, philologist,
grammarian, folklorist, philosopher, translator,
inventor, magician, humorist, satirist,
polemicist, sportsman, traveler, religious,
prophet, political martyr and hero.
 BIRTH OF A HERO
José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda
was born on the moonlight of Wednesday, June
19, 1861 in Calamba, Laguna Philippines
His mother Teodora Alonzo almost died because
of his big head
 BIRTH OF A HERO

He was baptized in the Catholic

church of his town St. John the
Baptist Parish Church on June 22,
1861 by the parish priest Rufino
Collantes. His Godfather was
Rev.Fr. Pedro Casanas a close
friend of the Rizal Family.
His name “Jose” was chosen by his mother who
was a devotee of Saint Joseph.
Father Collantes was impressed to Rizal’z
big head and told the members of the
family “take good care of this child for
someday he will become a great man”
- Fr. Collantes
 RIZAL’S PARENTS
*Francisco Mercado Rizal
was born on Binan, Laguna
on May, 11 1818.
*Studied Latin and
Philosophy at College of San
Jose in Manila
*He was a tenant farmer of a
Dominican owned hacienda.
*He died in Manila on
January 5, 1898 at the age of
80
• Dona Teodora Alonzo was
born in Manila on November
8,1826.
• She studied in College of
Santa Rosa.
• “my mother was a woman of
more than ordinary culture,
she knows literature and
speaks spanish better than
I. she correted my poems
and gave me good advice
when I was studying
rhetoric. She is also a
mathematician.
• Dona Teodora died in manila
on August,16 1911 at the
age of 85.
THE RIZAL CHILDREN
THE RIZAL CHILDREN

• SATURNINA MERCADO
RIZAL HIDALGO (1850-
1913)
• Oldest of Rizal children
• Neneng
• Married to Manuel Hidalgo
of Tanawan Batangas.
 PACIANO MERCADO
RIZAL (1851-1930)
Older brother of Rizal
After Rizal died he
joined Philippine
revolution.
Died on April 13, 1930
at the age of 79.
He had two children by
mistress Severina
Decena a boy and a
girl.
NARCISA MERCADO
RIZAL Lopez
(1852-1939)
Sisa
Married to Antonio
Lopez nephew of
Rev. Fr. Leoncio
Lopez a school
teacher of morong.
OLYMPIA MERCADO
RIZAL UBALDO
(1855-1887)
Ypia
Married to Silvestre
Ubaldo a telegraph
operator from Manila
LUCIA MERCADO
RIZAL HERBOSA
(1857-1919)
Married to Mariano
Herbosa of Calamba
a nephew of Rev. Fr.
Casanas.
Herbosa died of
cholera in 1889 and
was denied christian
burial because he
was a brother in law
of Rizal
• MARIA MERCADO
RIZAL CRUZ
• (1859-1945)
• BIANG
• Married to Daniel
Faustino Cruz of
Binan Laguna
• JOSE MERCADO
RIZAL
• (1861-1896)
• PEPE
• CONCEPTION
MERCADO RIZAL
• (1862-1865)
• CONCHA
• Died of sickness at
the age of 3, her
death was Rizal’s
first sorrow in life.
JOSEFA MERCADO
RIZAL
(1865-1945)
PANGGOY
Died at the age of 80
TRINIDAD MERCADO
RIZAL
(1869-1951)
TRINING
Died at the age of 83
SOLEDAD MERCADO
RIZAL QUINTERO
(1870-1929)
CHOLENG
Youngest of Rizal’s
siblings
Married to Pantaleon
Quintero of Calamba
Laguna
Rizal was very close to his sisters.
Rizal used to play with his sisters when they were
young.
He used to called his sister who is already
married Dona and Senora. And senorita if they
were single.
• Rizals relationship with his only brother
Paciano is more than that a older brother For
Rizal Paciano was a father to him because of
Pacianos Advices
• He used Paciano in his First novel Noli me
tangere as Pilosopo Tasio.
• In his letter to blumentrit when he was on
London on june 23, 1888 he regarded Paciano
as most noble of Filipino
• And another letter written also in London dated
October 12,1888 he said that “he is much finer
and more serious than I am he is bigger and
more slim, he is not so dark his nose is fine
beautiful and sharp but he is bow-legged.
RIZAL ANCESTRY
RIZAL WAS PRODUCT OF MIXTURE OF
RACES
Negrito,Indonesian,Malay,Chinese,Japanese,
and Spanish.

RIZALS GRANDFATHER WAS A CHINESE

IMMIGRANT namely Domingo Lamco arrived in
Manila about 1690 he was married to RIZALS
GRANDMOTHER INES DELA ROSA a chinese
christian in Manila.
• While studying in manila she fell inlove to
Teodora Alonzo Realonda.Rizals mother.

• They were married june 28, 1848 and

stayed in Calamba because of their farm
and businesses
• It is said that the family of Teodora Alonzo was
rooted the last native king of Tondo, Lakan Dula.
• Eugenio Ursua and Benigna- great great
grandparents of Rizal
• Regina and Manuel De Quintos –great
grandparents of Rizal
• Brigida and Lorenzo Alonzo – grandparents of
rizal parents of Teodora Alonzo. Teodora alonzos
race was mixed Japanes,Chinese and Filipino
 The Surname Rizal
• The real surname of Rizals family was
Mercado which was adopted by his
grandfather Domingo Lamco in 1731.
•
• Rizals family adopted a second surname
Rizal which was given by a spanish alcade
mayor (provincial governor) of Laguna.
THE RIZAL HOME.

The house of Rizal Family where he was

born, is a stone house in Calamba.

It is a two-storey building , rectangular in

shape, made of adobe stones and hard
woods and roofed with red tiles.

Behind the house were the poultry yard

And a garden of tropical fruits atis,
balimbing,chico,macopa,papaya,santol.
THE RIZAL RESIDENCE
A good and middle class family
• The Rizal family was belonged to
principalia an aristocrat family during the
spanish time.
• The Rizal family is known in Calamba as
family of honest and hardship.
• The Rizal family rented a land in the
Dominicans. They harvested
rice,corn,sugarcane. They raised
pigs,chickens, turkey.
 Home Life of the Rizals
they had a simple, contented and happy life.
Don francisco and Dona Teodora was a strict
parents to their child. They trained their children
to love God, to behave well, to study well, to be
obedient and to had respect to other people
Everyday they heard mass and pray alltogether.
They pray angelus, rosary.
The Rizal children were also given time to play.
CHAPTER 4
THE SCHOLASTIC
TRIUMPHS AT
ATENEO DE MANILA
1872-1877
Four months after Rizal witness the martyrdom
of GOMBURZA Rizal was sent in Manila .

He studied in the Ateneo Municipal a university

under the supervision of Spanish clergy
congregation the Jesuits.

Ateneo de municipal was the rivalry school of

the dominicaN owned school San Juan De
Letran.
• Ateneo municipal was formerly Escuela Pia
(Charity School) or school for poor which was
etablish by the city government in 1817.

• When the jesuits congregation came in the

Philippines they were given the chance to
manage the Escuela Pia and it was renamed to
Ateneo Municipal.
 RIZAL ENTERS ATENEO
• June 10, 1872 when Rizal took his entrance
exam accompanied by his brother Paciano in
the College of San Juan De Letran
• The entrance exam is about Christian dictrine,
arithmetic and reading and Rizal passed the
entrance exam.

• His father changed his mind to sent him to

College of San Juan De Letran and Decided to
sent Rizal in Ateneo de municipal
• Again Rizal and his brother Paciano
accompanied him to Ateneo de municipal

• The school registrar Fr. Magin Ferrando refused

to admit Rizal for two reasons:

• 1. he was late for registration

• 2.he was sickly and undersized for his age.

But through the intercession of Manuel Burgos

nephew of Fr. Burgos Rizal was admitted in
Ateneo de municipal.
• Jose was the first member of the family to use
the surname Rizal. He registered the Rizal at the
Ateneo de municipal.

• Ateneo de municipal was located in Intramuros

Manila. Rizal boarded in the house outside
Intramuros in Carballo street 25 minutes walk
from his boarding house up to school. Rizal pays
300 pesos a month.
JESUIT SYSTEM EDUCATION
• The system of education given by Ateneo is
more advanced than the other school in that
period.

• Trained the student with discipline and religious

instruction

• The students heard mass everyday before

entering the first subject. Each subject starts
and ends with a prayer
Students divided into two groups:
Roman Empire – internos (boarders)
Carthaginian Empire – externos (non- boarders)
Each of this empires has its ranks.
Outstanding student EMPEROR
Second best was TRIBUNE
Third best was DECURION
Fourth best was CENTURION
Fifth best was called the STANDARD-
BEARER
• The uniform of Ateneo during Rizal’s time
is called rayadillo- a uniform like heneral
Lunas uniform.

• Later on that uniform was adopted by the

Filipino troops during the first Philippine
Republic
 RIZAL’S FIRST YEAR IN
ATENEO (1872-1873)
• On his first day in class Rizal heard mass.
• His classmates was mestizos, spaniards
and Pilipino.

Rizals first professor was Fr. Jose Bech

which he described as tall and thin man.
Since Rizal was a new comer he was placed
in externos. At the end of the month Rizal
became emperor.

Rizal was the brightest pupil in the whole

class.
To improve his spanish Rizal took private
lessons in Santa Isabel College during the
noon recess.
Rizal paid 3 pesos for those extra spanish
lesson tutorial.
 SUMMER VACATION 1873
• At the end of the school year March 1873
Rizal returned to Calamba for summer
vacation.

• When the summer vacation ended, Rizal

went back to Intramuros to prepare for his
second year in ateneo. He lives in
Intramuros at no.6 Magallanes street. his
landlady named Dona Pepay.
 TEENAGE INTEREST IN
READING
• Summer vacation of 1874 Rizal began to
take interest in reading romantic novels.
• Rizals favorite novel was THE COUNT OF
MONTE CRISTO by Alexander Dumas.

He also asked his dad to buy him a book

entitled UNIVERSAL HISTORY by Cesar
Cantu
 FOURTH YEAR IN ATENEO
1875 1876
• On june 16 1875 Rizal became an interno
(boarders) in Ateneo
• He met Fr. Francisco Paula Sanchez a
great educator and scholar.

• He described Fr. Paula Sanchez as a

model of uprightness and love for the
advancement of his pupils.
LAST YEAR IN ATENEO 1876-
77
• He excelled in class and was considered
as the most brilliant Atenean of his time.

• He was also considered as the “pride of

the Jesuits”
 SCULPTURAL WORKS IN
ATENEO
• Rizal has a artistic skill
which is carving. One day
he carved an image of
the Virgin Mary on a
piece of batikuling
(philippine hardwook)
with his pocket knife.

He impressed his jesuit

professors.
 SCULPTURAL WORKS IN
ATENEO
• Father Lleonart who is
a jesuit professor also
in Ateneo requested
him to carve an image
of Sacred Heart of
Jesus
POEMS WRITTEN IN ATENEO
• Father Sanchez who is inspired Rizal to
make full use of his God-given gift in
poetry writing.

• The first poem that was written by Rizal

was MI PRIMERA INSPIRACION (my first
inspiration) which was dedicated for his
mother on her birthday
 FIRST ROMANCE OF RIZAL
• After his graduation in
Ateneo, Rizal, who was
then sixteen years old
experienced his first
romance. The girl was
Segunda Katigbak. A
pretty fourteem year
old Batanguena from
Lipa.
 FIRST ROMANCE OF RIZAL
• Three years later, Rizal, recording his first
and tragic romance, said: “Ended, at an
early hour, my first Love! My virgin heart
will always mourne the reckless step it
took on the flower-decked abyss. My
illusions will return, yes, but indifferent,
uncertain, ready for the first betreyal on
the path of Love.
 CHAPTER 5

• MEDICAL STUDIES
AT THE UNIVERSITY
OF SANTO TOMAS
(1877-1882)
• After finishing
the first year of a
course in
Philosophy and
Letters(1877-79)
he transferred to
medical course.
 MOTHER’S OPPOSITION TO
HIGHER EDUCATION
• Rizal had to go to the
University of Santo Tomas fot
higher studies. Both Don
Francisco and Paciano wantwd
Joseto pursue higher learning
in the university. But Dona
Teodor, who knew what
happened to Gom-Bur-Za
vigorously opposed to send
Rizal in Manila for studies.
• Dona Teodora told her
husband: “ don’t send him
to Manilaagain: he knows
enough. If he gets to
know more, the Spaniards
will cut off his head.” Don
Francisco kept quiet and
told Paciano to
accompany his younger
brother to Manila, despite
mother’s tears.
 RIZAL ENTERS THE
UNIVERSITY
• April 1877, Rizal who was then neraly 16
years old, taking the course Philosophy
and Letters at UST. He enrolled in this
course for two reasons:
• 1. his father liked it
• 2. he was still uncertain as to what
careerto pursue
 RIZAL ENTERS UNIVERSITY
• During the following term
(1878-79) that Rizal,
having received the
Ateneo Rector’s Fr. Pablo
Ramon advice to study
medicine, took up the
medical course. Another
reason why he chose
medicine for a career was
to be able to cure his
mother’s growing
blindness
RIZAL’S ROMANCE WITH
OTHER GIRLS
• Rizal had ample time for
Love. He was a romantic
dreamer who liked to sip the
“nectar of love”. His sad
experience with his first love
made him wiser in the ways
of romance.
• Shortly after losing Sugunda
Katigbak, he courted a young
lady in Calamba. He used to
call her “Miss L” describing
her with as “fair with
seductive eyes” but suddenly
he stoped courting Miss L.
• Several months later, during
his sophomore year at UST, he
boarded in the house of Dona
Concha Leyva in Intramuros.
The next-door neighbors was
Leonor Valenzuela who is a
medical student from Calamba
after several talk to each other
Rizal also courted her but
suddenly again he stoped
because he still recognized his
love for Segunda.
• Rizal’s next romance was with
another Leonor – Leonor Rivera
which is his cousin from Camiling
in 1879, at the start of his junior
year at UST he lived in “ Casa
Tomasina” at No. 6 Calle Santo
Tomas, Intramuros. His Landlord-
uncle Antonio Rivera had a pretty
daughter, Leonor a student at La
Concordia College was a frail,
pretty girl “tendwer as abudding
flower with kinly, wistful eyes”.
They become engaged. In her
letters to Rizal. Leonor signed her
name as “Taimis”, in order to
camouflage their intimate
relationship fromn their parents
and friends
 UNHAPPY DAYS AT UST
• Rizal found an atmosphere at UST
suffocating to his sensitive spirit.
• He was unhappy at this Dominican
Institution because:
• 1.the Dominican professors was hostile to
him
• 2.the Filipino students were racially
discriminated by the spaniards
• 3.the method of instruction was obsolete
and repressive.
 DECISION TO
STUDY ABROAD

• After finishing the fourth year in Medicine

course, Rizal decided to study in Spain
• He could no longer endure the rampant
bigotry, discrimination and hostility in UST.
• For the first time Rizal did not seek his
parents permission and blessing to go
abroad.
 Maraming Salamat!

Mabuhay ang mga Kabataang

Para sa Bayan!


Salamat kina: G. Jely A. Galang , Bb. Janet
S. Reguindin at G. Bernard Esternon