Starter for lesson…

Test yourself – can you remember the name of each part of

the brain and its main function?
© www.teachitscience.co.uk 2017 26941 1
Connect
How many parts of the eye can you name?
sta rt!
nc il to
t his in pe
Do

 
Stretch: Do you know their function?
New information
LO:
• Label a diagram of the eye and describe The Eye
the function of each structure. 
• Define the term ‘accommodation’.
• Describe how the eye changes to focus Starter:
on near and distant objects. Place the words below
• Complete simple ray diagrams to show into a table. If you get
normal vision, long-sightedness and three in a row shout out
short-sightedness one of the keywords
from today’s lesson.
Keywords:cones, iris, retina, rods,
accommodation, ciliary muscles, refraction,
suspensory ligaments, gel, hyperopia, cerebellum, cerebral
myopia, laser surgery cortex, medulla,
magnetic resonance
imaging, CT, neurology,
radiotherapy, stem cell
therapies, EEG.
The Eye

The eye is a sense organ

containing receptors
sensitive to light
intensity and colour.
 Protects
and holds
Refracts light - the eye in
bends it as it place Contains
enters the eye rod and
cone cells

Using the diagram and video:

Label the eye and then fill in the table The Eye
 Muscles in the iris
Iris regulate the amount of
light entering the eye
and reaching the retina.

In low light intensities,

radial muscles in the iris
contract and the pupil
becomes larger.

How is the iris adapted

to dim intensity vision?

In low intensity light the

radial muscles contract
and the pupil becomes
larger.

video
 Retina
The retina is made up of two light sensitive receptor cells called cones
and rods.
Cones are sensitive to colour.
Rods are sensitive to low light intensity. They allow us to see when it is
very dim light. Rods are around 1000 times more sensitive to light
than cones.
The receptor cells convert light into the electrical energy of a nerve
impulse.

Hint: Cones=Colour
sensitive. They both
start with the same
letter!!
Rod and Retina also start
with the same letter!!
 retina, sclera, optic nerve, iris, ciliary muscles, suspensory ligaments,
pupil, lens, cornea
Component of the eye Function
Retina

Carries impulses from the retina to

the brain
Sclera
Transparent region of the sclera at
the front of the eye. Refracts
light- bends it as it enters the eye
Has sets of muscles that control
the size of the pupil and regulate
the light reaching the retina
Cillary muscles and suspensory
ligaments
 Answers
Component of the eye Function
Retina Made up of light sensitive receptor
cells. Contains rod and cone cells.
Optic nerve Carries impulses from the retina to
the brain
Sclera The tough outer layer of the eye
that protects and holds the eye in
place.
Cornea Transparent region of the sclera at
the front of the eye. Refracts
light- bends it as it enters the eye
Iris Has sets of muscles that control
the size of the pupil and regulate
the light reaching the retina
 Learning Check
LO:
• Label a diagram of the eye and describe the function
of each structure. 
• Define the term ‘accommodation’.
• Describe how the eye changes to focus on near and
distant objects.
• Complete simple ray diagrams to show normal vision,
long-sightedness and short-sightedness
Keywords:cones, iris, retina, rods, accommodation,
ciliary muscles, refraction, suspensory ligaments, gel,
hyperopia, myopia, laser surgery
 Focusing an image
What part of the eye
refracts light rays as they
enter the eye?
Cornea
Refraction is the bending of
light rays as they travel from
one medium to another

3
Object

4
2
Focusing an image
Light
rays

What are the differences

between the two images?

Watch the video to help

you answer.

Hint: Look at the light

rays and lens.
Task: Draw and annotate
your diagram to show how
the lens changes when it
sees distant and near
objects.

Distant object Near object

Light rays nearly parallel Diverge
Lens Thin lens only slight Thick lens refracts
refraction of light rays
rays needed
 Plenary

True or False?

Plenary
 True or False?
• For Viewing distant objects the lens of
the eye needs to be fat.

False
 True or False?
• For viewing distant objects the ciliary
muscles need to contract.

False
 True or False?
• For viewing distant objects the
suspensory ligaments are pulled taut and
they pull the lens flatter.

True
 True or False?
• A fat lens has a shorter focal length
and can focus on near objects.

True
 True or False?
• If you do close work for a long time
your eyes might ache as the ciliary
muscles have been working hard to
contract

True
 True or False?
• When you are asleep your eyes are
accomodated for distant viewing
because the ciliary muscles are relaxed.

True